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APUSH > Time Period/Theme > Flashcards

Time Period/Theme Flashcards

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AP® U.S. History flashcards
1
Q

Period 1, 1492-1607

American/national identity

A

No cohesion among Native American groups, all different tribes

Different European groups, French, British, Dutch, Spanish

Europeans did not intend to stay in New World

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2
Q

Period 1, 1492-1607

Politics and Power

A

Spanish dominated

French/Dutch were more trade based

Treaties conflict w/NAs

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2
Q

Period 1, 1492-1607

Work, Tech, Exchange

A

New crops and goods into Europe, new tech into America

Mostly slave labor, NA and African

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3
Q

Period 1, 1492-1607

Culture and Society

A

Blending of Indigenous & European cultures

Exploration driven in part by religion

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4
Q

Period 1, 1492-1607

Migration and Settlement

A

Humans came to America across Bering Land Bridge, NAs

Europeans came to extract resources, Christopher Columbus etc

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5
Q

Period 1, 1492-1607

Geography/environment

A

Gold in Latin America drove exploration

Disease from Europeans killed 95% of Native people

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6
Q

Period 1, 1492-1607

America in the World

A

Competition between European powers as well as NA groups led to alliances and conflict

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7
Q

Period 2, 1607-1754

American/national Identity

A

English settlers considered “British” not American, largely identity based on colony and class

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8
Q

Period 2, 1607-1754

Politics and Power

A

Development of local power generally democratic in North, town meetings

In South, aristocracy by landowners

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9
Q

Period 2, 1607-1754

Work, Tech, Exchange

A

Emergence of trade in NE, fishing and farming, timber, furs

In South: slavery, indenture, cash crops

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10
Q

Period 2, 1607-1754

Culture and Society

A

NE life based around Puritan religion

Racial caste system solidified in South

First Great Awakening

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11
Q

Period 2, 1607-1754

Migration and Settlement

A

Religious dissidents from Europe came to North

In South, adventurers looking for wealth

700k+ enslaved people

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12
Q

Period 2, 1607-1754

Geography/environment

A

Climate/soil differences led to family farming in North, plantations in South

Illness in marshy South killed indentured servants/slaves

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13
Q

Period 2, 1607-1754

America in the World

A

Continued competition with NAs over land, scrabble between European powers to get territory and goods

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14
Q

Period 3, 1754-1800

American/national Identity

A

Development of independent national identity leading to Revolution

“American citizen” still white, wealthy male despite freedom ideas

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15
Q

Period 3, 1754-1800

Politics and Power

A

Conflict over direct representation vs virtual representation, taxes –> war

Articles of Confederation (weak)

Constitution (strong gvt)

First Party System: Hamilton v Jefferson

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16
Q

Period 3, 1754-1800

Work, Tech, Exchange

A

End of “salutary neglect” as English crown takes more control over American goods, shipping –> war

Slavery continues to grow in South, helped by invention of cotton gin

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17
Q

Period 3, 1754-1800

Culture and Society

A

Influence of Enlightenment thought on Revolution

Women played role in Rev. but not considered citizens

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18
Q

Period 3, 1754-1800

Migration and Settlement

A

Continued push against western frontier for land

Continued importation of Africans

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19
Q

Period 3, 1754-1800

Geography/environment

A

End of freely available land in East –> push west, conflict w/coastal elites and backwoods farmers

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20
Q

Period 3, 1754-1800

America in the World

A

Emergence of USA as independent power

Alliance with France helps win Rev. but worries many

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21
Q

Period 4, 1800-1848

American/national Identity

A

Growing American identity, fractured by sectional identity

Exclusion of NAs despite cooperation

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22
Q

Period 4, 1800-1848

Politics and Power

A

Expansion of suffrage to all white men in Jacksonian democracy

Conflict w/Nort and South over slavery in new territories

Democrats vs Whigs, Second party system

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23
Q

Period 4, 1800-1848

Work, Tech, Exchange

A

Expansion of infrastructure, markets, railroads/canals, telegraph, cities

Conflict over National Band

Emergence of factories (Lowell Mills)

Slavery continues to grow in South

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24
Q

Period 4, 1800-1848

Culture and Society

A

Second Great Awakening

Reform movements emerge (abolition, temperance, woman suffrage, prison)

Cult of domesticity for women

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25
Q

Period 4, 1800-1848

Migration and Settlement

A

Americans push west

NAs forced west - Trail of Tears

End of Int’l slave trade, internal trade continues

26
Q

Period 4, 1800-1848

Geography/environment

A

Expansion of cotton in the S, expands slavery

Continued westward push, Manifest Destiny

Texas annexation

27
Q

Period 4, 1800-1848

America in the World

A

War of 1812 ends British presence in N. America, ends hopes for NAs to prevail

Mexican War –> gained territory

28
Q

Period 5, 1844-1877

American/national Identity

A

Increasing fracture along sectional lines –> Civil War

North victory led to THE United States, singular, not THESE United States plural

During Reconstruction, Black men in S were citizens

29
Q

Period 5, 1844-1877

Politics and Power

A

Ineffective presidents, compromise of 1850, Fugitive Slave Act, pop. sovereignty in new states

Emergence of Republican party, wins election of 1860 w/Lincoln

14th Amend: equal protection
15th Amend: Black men vote but not women

30
Q

Period 5, 1844-1877

Work, Tech, Exchange

A

End of slavery in 1865, move towards system of sharecropping in S

N continuing to industrialize, wins Civil War cuz factory power

Railroads cross the country

31
Q

Period 5, 1844-1877

Culture and Society

A

Emergence of ideological defenses of slavery and militant abolitionism

Millennial religious mov’ts

Nativists - hate immigrants

32
Q

Period 5, 1844-1877

Migration and Settlement

A

New immigrants coming from Ireland, Germany

Move westward continues, esp. after gold discovered

NA wars and reservations

33
Q

Period 5, 1844-1877

Geography/environment

A

Discovery of gold in CA leads to gold rush

Large population in North, “breadbasket” states (NY, NJ, DE, PA - export grains) help win Civil War

North/South split, difference in economies

34
Q

Period 5, 1844-1877

America in the World

A

US is largely isolationist in this period

Fears that G. Britain will intercede on behalf of South are not realized

35
Q

Period 6, 1865-1898

American/national Identity

A

Increasing American national identity as USA becomes industrial power

Spanish-Am war reunites N & S

36
Q

Period 6, 1865-1898

Politics and Power

A

Brief period of citizenship for Black men in S ends with Reconstruction and state-wide Black codes

Jim Crow segregation becomes law

Republicans in power

37
Q

Period 6, 1865-1898

Work, Tech, Exchange

A

USA becomes world’s leading industrial power thanks to steel, railroads

Harsh labor in factories for immigrants

Rich corporations and Gilded Age

38
Q

Period 6, 1865-1898

Culture and Society

A

Social Darwinism - belief that some ppl inherently better than others due to evolution

39
Q

Period 6, 1865-1898

Migration and Settlement

A

Many new immigrants from S & E Europe

Manifest Destiny complete, “frontier closed”, psychological loss of utopia

40
Q

Period 6, 1865-1898

Geography/environment

A

Cities are polluted, bad working conditions –> illness

West “conquered” with barbed wire, buffalo dead

41
Q

Period 6, 1865-1898

America in the World

A

NA Wars, NAs nearly gone

Last era of American isolationism

42
Q

Period 7, 1890-1945

American/national Identity

A

New European immigrants at first considered not American, by end of WWII are considered “white”

New World Power status

New era of federal govt intervention in economy, life

43
Q

Period 7, 1890-1945

Politics and Power

A

Wilson becomes first Democrat to win power in 1912, then FDR from ‘32-‘45

Women suffrage 1920

Segregation, disenfranchisement continues for AAs, who return from WWI and WWII ready for civil rights

44
Q

Period 7, 1890-1945

Work, Tech, Exchange

A

Major era of production and innovation, inci, phone, electricity, radio, car, flight

Laissez-faire economics lead to Stock Market Crash and Great Depression

New Deal, WWII end Depression

Industrialization –> postwar boom

45
Q

Period 7, 1890-1945

Culture and Society

A

Backlash to minorities, immigrants

KKK

Culture in Lost Generation, Roaring Twenties, jazz, Harlem Renaissance, flappers

46
Q

Period 7, 1890-1945

Migration and Settlement

A

1mil+ immigrants coming to US each year until 1924, first quotas

Great Migration of Black Southerners to cities in N

47
Q

Period 7, 1890-1945

Geography/environment

A

New tech makes world a smaller place

Conservation movt begins

Ocean shields from war

Develp. of atom bomb

48
Q

Period 7, 1890-1945

America in the World

A

Spanish-Am War

WWI

Isolationism in 20s, 30s

WWII - aftermath leads US to commit to intervention

49
Q

Period 8, 1945-1980

American/national Identity

A

Period of expanding federal power and expanding power of citizens through civil rights

Era of pro-USA culture vs USSR

Disillusioned anti-war students with Vietnam

50
Q

Period 8, 1945-1980

Politics and Power

A

Democrats in power until late 1960s, when Nixon takes charge

Civil Rights movement in 50s, 60s

Womens rights movement in 60s, 70s

51
Q

Period 8, 1945-1980

Work, Tech, Exchange

A

Major economic boom as USA is only country unscathed by WWII

Baby boom

Invention of computer

1970s economic recession

52
Q

Period 8, 1945-1980

Culture and Society

A

Religious era of 1950s

Social movements (Civil Rights, Women’s rights)

Golden age of consumerism culture, booming 60s

Emergence of protest against US gvt by students

53
Q

Period 8, 1945-1980

Migration and Settlement

A

Move from cities to suburbs, era of cars

Very little immigration until 1965, when policy changed to attract skilled labor

Boat people from Vietnam

54
Q

Period 8, 1945-1980

Geography/environment

A

Serious industrial pollution from 1945-1970

Begin to address serious pollution in 1980s - EPA

Dependence on oil fuels international conflict

55
Q

Period 8, 1945-1980

America in the World

A

Cold War directs most US foreign policy, commitment to containment leads to Korean War, Vietnam

Bay of Pigs, Cuban Missile Crisis

Slowly replaced by conflict in the Middle East in 70s

56
Q

Period 9, 1980-present

American/national Identity

A

Period of increasing conservatism in gvt, with a movement to reduce size of federal gvt

Continuation of US as world’s leading superpower

57
Q

Period 9, 1980-present

Politics and Power

A

Period of return to prominence of Republican Party and conservatism

Shift in political power to S and W following population shift

58
Q

Period 9, 1980-present

Work, Tech, Exchange

A

Era of globalism has connected markets and ppl all over the world

Prominence of the internet and mobile phones has changed information consumption and distribution

Decline of unions, stagnation of wages

59
Q

Period 9, 1980-present

Culture and Society

A

Period of “Vietnam Syndrome” - wariness of US to be involved overseas after Vietnam trauma

“Culture Wars” over changing gender, race, family structure, education, etc

Increasing diversity

60
Q

Period 9, 1980-present

Migration and Settlement

A

Increased immigration of people from Latin America and Asia

Movement to S and W for jobs

61
Q

Period 9, 1980-present

Geography/environment

A

Wars in Middle East led to efforts to reduce dependence on oil

Growing movement of eco-consciousness in energy, food

62
Q

Period 9, 1980-present

America in the World

A

USSR collapses, ending Cold War

USA involved in conflict in Middle East over culture, oil (Sept 11, etc)

Era of globalization

APUSH (9 decks)

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