Timbers And Board Flashcards
What is a veneer?
Thin slices of wood used as decorative coverings for manufactured boards
Less than 3mm
What are MF laminates?
Melamine formaldehyde
Thin sheets of polymer which is a decorative coverings
Hard tough and chemical resistant
Hardwood examples:
Oak
Ash
Mahogany
Teak
Birch
Beech
Softwood examples:
Pine aka redwood
Spruce
Douglas fir
Larch
Cedar
Manufactured board examples:
MDF
Chipboard
Aeroply
Particle board
Plywood- marine and flexible
Teak uses:
Benches
- hardwood
Cedar uses:
Sheds
- soft wood
What is pine also known as?
Redwood
Larch uses:
Fencing
- softwood
Douglas fir uses:
Veneers
- Softwood
Spruce uses:
Indoor furniture
- softwood
Similar hardwood characteristics:
Hard
Tough
Attractive grain - denser
deciduous (broad leafed)
Similar softwood characteristics:
Straight grain
Knotty
coniferous (needles - knots)
Similar manufactured boards characteristics:
Cheaper
What’s planed square edge?
One edge is planed- smoothed
What’s planed all round?
PAR
sides and edges are planed- smoothed
Advantages of manufactured board?
Available in large ranges
Uniform strength
What is seasoning?
The removal of excess moisture
What is air seasoning?
The traditional, inexpensive version
Process of air seasoning?
Wood is stacked beneath a shelter, to protect from rain
- air circulation will remove excess moisture
What is kiln seasoning?
Controlled and more expensive
Process of kiln seasoning:
Logs are placed in a kiln on trolleys
- temperature and humiditys controlled
The steamer the drier the drier the timber
Why are kiln seasoned products used indoors?
Because they are seasoned to the same content level
Uses of air seasoned products?
Outdoor furniture
Because its less prone to defects
- like wooden tables
what are the issues wood enhancement solves?
- environmental attack
- high combustion
- lack of stability (knots and grain)
- strength decrease once wet
why are preservatives often copper based?
bc copper has good resistance to fungal attack
how are the enchantments inserted?
impregnated
how is high combustion tackled?
fire retardant additives
what are two examples of laminates?
veneers
MF- melamide formaldehyde
what is an example of a resin?
urea formaldehyde
Ways wood is recycled:
- reclaimed
- within raw state
- chipped and turned into Chipboard
- resized and fabricated
What is the process of making Chipboard known as?
Closed loop recycling
Main stages of closed loop recycling:
1) collected
2) cleaned
3) shred
4) glued and compressed into stock form
5) recycled after use
purpose of a finish:
- prevent decay and insect attack
- prevent moisture absorption
- enhance appearance
what must be done before a finish is applied?
sanded within grain direction
with dust wiped off
Types of finishes?
Stains
Wax
Danish oil
Teak oil
Acrylic varnish
Water based paints
Colour wash
Pressure treating
Yacht varnish
Purpose of stains?
Colour and enhance grain
- making inexpensive wood look expensive
Downside of stains?
Non protective
Purpose of Wax?
Increase surface hardness and toughness
Purpose of water based paints?
Protection and colour
Increase…
Toughness
Hardness
Moisture resistance
Aesthetics
Purpose of colour wash?
Colour wood whilst keeping grain visible
Purpose of Danish and teak oil?
Enhance grain
Provide protection
What is Danish and teak oil used on?
Outdoor timbers
What does protection include?
Resistance against…
Fungal and insect attack
Weathering
Rot
Purpose of Acrylic varnish?
Tougher
Harder
Heatproof
Waterproof
Process of pressure treating?
Placing wood within a pressure vessel, filled with copper sulphate preservatives
Purpose of pressure treating?
Protect wood for up to 50 years
Uses of pressure treating:
Decking
Bridge construction
Uses of yacht varnish?
Yearly outdoor woods
- doors
- boat parts
- window frames
Purpose of yacht varnish?
Toughness, hardness and protection
Pine uses?
Construction work
- soft wood
Birch uses?
Panelling
- hardwood
