Metals Flashcards
What does ferrous mean?
Contains iron and carbon
Magnetic and will rust
an iron or steel
What non ferrous mean?
Doesn’t contain iron
Doesn’t contain iron and won’t rust
What’s an alloy?
Combination of two or more elements/ metals
Subdivided into ferrous and non ferrous
Ferrous metals examples:
Low carbon steel / mild
Medium carbon steel / spring
Cast iron / wrought
Non-ferrous metal examples:
Aluminium
Cooper
Zinc
Silver
Gold
Tin
Titanium
Ferrous alloys examples:
Stainless steel
Die steel
High speed steel
Non-ferrous alloys examples:
Bronze
Brass
Duralimin
Pewter
What are ferrous metals often called?
Irons or carbon steels
Similar ferrous metal characteristics:
Poor corrosion resistance
Tough- absorb shock
Use of low carbon steel:
Nuts
Car bodies
Use of medium carbon steel:
Springs
garden tools
Use of cast iron:
Pots
Machine parts
Similar non ferrous metal characteristics:
Malleable
Ductile
(excluding zinc at high temp)
Resistant to corrosion
Aluminium uses:
Drink can
Gold uses:
Jewellery
Silver uses:
Jewellery
Cutlery
Copper uses:
Electrical wires
Similar ferrous metal characteristics:
Hard
Tough
Bronze uses:
Coins
Statues
Bells
Brass uses:
Instruments
Door handles
Taps
Duralumin uses:
Vehicle parts
Pewter uses:
Trophies
Cheap jewellery
Similar non-ferrous alloys characteristics:
Tough
Fusible
Malleable
Corrosion resistance
Brass characteristics:
Antibacterial
Conductor
What is bronze made of?
Copper and tin
What’s brass made of?
Copper and zinc
Whats duralimin made of?
Copper and aluminium
What’s pewter made of?
Copper and tin
- 91% tin, high amount
Bronze characteristics:
Easily cast into complex shapes
Self lubricating
Duralimin characteristics:
Lightweight
High tensile strength
Pewter characteristics:
Soft
Easy to cast
When cast iron called wrought iron?
When it isn’t cast
Metal is heated and worked with tools
Appearance of low carbon steel:
Bright grey
Smooth
Appearance of cast iron:
Dull grey
Rough
What does an increase in carbon content mean?
Increased hardness, decreased toughness
- gradually more brittle
When is cast iron called cast iron?
When cast
- cooled in a mould from molten state
What is die steel also known as?
Tool or high carbon steel
What is low carbon steel also known as?
Mild steel
What is medium carbon steel also known as?
Spring steel
Ferrous alloys characteristics?
Hard
Tough
Die steel uses:
Workshop tools
High speed steel uses:
Drill bits
Stainless steel uses:
Cutlery
What is the non ferrous equivalent to rusting?
Oxidising
- change in surface color or breaking down due to time
What ore is copper made from?
Chalcopyrite
What ore is tin from?
Cassiterite
what is meant by enhancement
improving product properties to better suit purpose
what do metal enhancements achieve
increasing…
softer
harder
malleability
toughness
metal enhancements
work hardening
hardening and tempering
case hardening - carburising and quenching
annealing
metal forming processes
cupping and deep drawing
drop forging
bending
wrought iron bending
rolling
die casting - gravity and high pressure
investment casting
pewter casting
press forming
spinning
metal semi permanent forming processes
MIG (metal insert gas)
TIG (tungsten insert gas)
oxy-acetylene welding
brazing (hard soldering)
soldering (soft soldering)
riveting
pop riveting
temporary metal fastenings
self drill screw
self tapping screw
machine screw
bolt
metal finishes
varnishing
sealants
preservatives
anodising - hardness
