Timbers Flashcards
Types of deciduous trees?
Oak
Ash
Mahogany
Teak
Birch
Beech
Types of coniferous trees?
Pine
Spruce
Douglas fir
Redwood
Cedar
Larch
Types of manufacture boards?
Plywood
Marine plywood
Aero ply
Flexible plywood
Chipboard
MDF (Medium density-fibreboard)
Properties of coniferous/softwoods?
Grow in cooler climates
Have a loser grain structure
Usually softer to work
Trees grow tall and straight
Evergreen- don’t lose their needles
Properties of deciduous/hardwoods?
Have a tighter grain
Can be very expensive
Found in tropical or sub-tropical climates
Usually quite hard
Seeds are enclosed in fruits
Slower growing
Properties of manufacture boards?
Are inexpensive
Timber sheets which are produced by gluing wood fibres
Are made using ware
Covered in a thin layer of real wood
Name types of stock forms?
Rough Sawn
Planed Square Edge
Planned all round
Natural timber
Manufacture board
Mouldings
What is seasoning?
The removal of excess moisture from newly sawn timber.
Types of seasoning?
Natural seasoning
Kiln seasoning
Advantages of natural seasoning?
Cheap
Some say the timber is stronger than kiln seasoned
Disadvantages of natural seasoning?
Very slow
Bugs and fungus survive
Water content hard to control
Ends of planks can split
Advantages of kiln seasoning?
Accurate water content
12% or lower moisture content
Kills bugs and fungus
Fast
Disadvantages of kiln seasoning?
Expensive
Name types of timber defects?
Splitting
Knots
Dry rot
Woodworm
What is splitting?
Occurs at the end of a plank
Ends are cut off
Generally unavoidable
What are knots?
Knots are where a branch was attached to a tree
Live knots are decorative
Dead knots need to be avoided
What is dry rot?
Caused by incorrect seasoning or poor building maintenance. Caused by timber being over 20% moisture content.
What is woodworm?
A beetle that lays eggs on timber. The larvae eats the wood for a year then emerge as adult beetles in the spring. Holes and wood dust are a sign of woodworm
Properties of pine?
Straight grain
Knotty
Properties of spruce?
Straight grain
Resistance to splitting
Properties of Douglas fir?
Stable
Resistance to corrosion
Straight or slightly wavy grain
Properties of cedar?
Straight grain
Sound dampening
Resistance to moisture
Properties of larch?
Attractive grain patterns
Properties of oak?
Attractive grain
Good weather resistant
Contains tannic acid
Properties of ash?
Attractive open flexible grain
Properties of mahogany?
Rich dark red colour
Interlocking grain
Properties of teak?
Straight grain
Natural oils resist moisture, acids and alkalis
Properties of birch?
Resists warping
Straight close grain
Properties of beech?
Close grain
Does not impart taste on food
Properties of plywood?
Good strength in all directions
No grain weakness
Properties of marine plywood?
Resistant to moisture
Resistant to fungal attack
Properties of aeroply?
Lightweight
Available in thin sheets
Properties of chipboard?
Wood chips compressed with urea formaldahyde
Properties of MDF?
Two smooth faces
Available veneered
Uses of oak
Furniture
Flooring
Cladding
Use of Ash
Tool handles
Ladders
Sports goods
Uses of teak
Outdoor furniture
Laboratory benches
Uses of birch
Veneers used for construction
Indoor panelling
Uses of beech
Bowls
Chopping boards
Tools
Uses of pine
Construction work
Interior joinery
Uses of spruce
Indoor furniture
Uses of Douglas fir
Plywood construction
Joinery and construction work
Uses of larch
Garden furniture
Decking
Fencing
Uses of cedar
Sheds
Beehives
Exterior cladding
Uses of plywood
Floorboards
Indoor furniture
Structural work
Uses of marine plywood
Boat dashboards
Boat lockers
Uses of aero ply
Gliders
Laminated furniture
Uses of flexible plywood
Curved panels
Laminated furniture
Uses of chipboard
Kitchen worktops
Flat-pack furniture
Properties of flexible plywood?
Open grained allows sheet to flex
Uses of MDF
Model making
Bookcases
Desks
Uses of mahogany
Indoor furniture
Shop fittings
Cabinets
