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A Level DT > Timbers > Flashcards

Timbers Flashcards

1
Q

Types of deciduous trees?

A

Oak
Ash
Mahogany
Teak
Birch
Beech

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2
Q

Types of coniferous trees?

A

Pine
Spruce
Douglas fir
Redwood
Cedar
Larch

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3
Q

Types of manufacture boards?

A

Plywood
Marine plywood
Aero ply
Flexible plywood
Chipboard
MDF (Medium density-fibreboard)

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4
Q

Properties of coniferous/softwoods?

A

Grow in cooler climates
Have a loser grain structure
Usually softer to work
Trees grow tall and straight
Evergreen- don’t lose their needles

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5
Q

Properties of deciduous/hardwoods?

A

Have a tighter grain
Can be very expensive
Found in tropical or sub-tropical climates
Usually quite hard
Seeds are enclosed in fruits
Slower growing

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6
Q

Properties of manufacture boards?

A

Are inexpensive
Timber sheets which are produced by gluing wood fibres
Are made using ware
Covered in a thin layer of real wood

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7
Q

What are performance characteristics expressed in?

A

Physical
Mechanical
Thermal
Electrical
Chemical

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8
Q

Name types of properties?

A

Malleability
Ductility
Hardness
Durability
Toughness
Elasticity
Tensile strength
Compression weight

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9
Q

Name types of performance characteristics?

A

Warpage
Shrinkage
Splitting
Joining
Forming
Toxicity
Moisture resistance

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10
Q

Name types of stock forms?

A

Rough Sawn
Planed Square Edge
Planned all round
Natural timber
Manufacture board
Mouldings

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11
Q

What is seasoning?

A

The removal of excess moisture from newly sawn timber.

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12
Q

Types of seasoning?

A

Natural seasoning
Kiln seasoning

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13
Q

Advantages of natural seasoning?

A

Cheap
Some say the timber is stronger than kiln seasoned

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14
Q

Disadvantages of natural seasoning?

A

Very slow
Bugs and fungus survive
Water content hard to control
Ends of planks can split

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15
Q

Advantages of kiln seasoning?

A

Accurate water content
12% or lower moisture content
Kills bugs and fungus
Fast

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16
Q

Disadvantages of kiln seasoning?

A

Expensive

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17
Q

Name types of timber defects?

A

Splitting
Knots
Dry rot
Woodworm

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18
Q

What is splitting?

A

Occurs at the end of a plank
Ends are cut off
Generally unavoidable

19
Q

What are knots?

A

Knots are where a branch was attached to a tree
Live knots are decorative
Dead knots need to be avoided

20
Q

What is dry rot?

A

Caused by incorrect seasoning or poor building maintenance. Caused by timber being over 20% moisture content.

21
Q

What is woodworm?

A

A beetle that lays eggs on timber. The larvae eats the wood for a year then emerge as adult beetles in the spring. Holes and wood dust are a sign of woodworm

22
Q

Properties of pine?

A

Pale-yellow colour
Tough, lightweight, soft

23
Q

Properties of spruce?

A

Light and soft
Good strength and elasticity properties

24
Q

Properties of Douglas fir?

A

Excellent strength

25
Q

Properties of redwood?

A

Fairly light
Aesthetically pleasing
Insect resistant
Rot-proof
Fire-resistant

26
Q

Properties of cedar?

A

Reddish-brown colour
Durable
Straight grain
Workability
Dimensional stability

27
Q

Properties of larch?

A

Pale yellow and golden brown
Strong, with tight growth rings
Smooth

28
Q

Properties of oak?

A

Light brownish colour
Strong
Hard
Heavy and dense
Close grain

29
Q

Properties of ash?

A

Beige to light brown
Durable
Flexible
Attractive timber

30
Q

Properties of mahogany?

A

Brownish-red colour
Straight grain
Durable
Resistant to woodworms

31
Q

Properties of teak?

A

Light to dark brown
Hard
Strong
Durable

32
Q

Properties of birch?

A

Creamy white colour
Elastic
Tough
Not particularly hard

33
Q

Properties of beech?

A

Pale cream colour
Hard wood
Moderately heavy
Good mechanical properties

34
Q

Properties of plywood?

A

Very high strength
Flexible
Impact resistant
Moisture resistant

35
Q

Properties of marine plywood?

A

Exceptional water resistance
Durable
Dimensional stability

36
Q

Properties of aeroply?

A

Very light
Strong

37
Q

Properties of chipboard?

A

Pale-yellow colour
Hard
Durable
Straight-grained

38
Q

Properties of MDF?

A

Dense
Flat
Has no knots
Easily machined

39
Q

Malleability?

A

The quality of something being shaped into something else without breaking

40
Q

Ductility?

A

Capacity of a material to deform permanently in response to stress

41
Q

Hardness?

A

The resistance of a material

42
Q

Durability?

A

The ability to withstand war, pressure or damage

43
Q

Toughness?

A

Not easily broken or damaged

44
Q

Elasticity?

A

Ability of a deformed material body to return to its original shape and size when the forces causing the deformation are removed

A Level DT (6 decks)

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