Tick-Borne Diseases Flashcards
List the tick-borne diseases:
- Lyme diseases
- Tick-borne encephalitis
- Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis
- Babesiosis
Where does lyme borreliosis mainly occure?
Lyme borreliosis is the most common tick-born disease in the North America and Euroasia
- Borrelia burgdorferi is more common in North America
- B. afzelii and B. Garinii are more common in Euroasia
Lyme borreliosis - Etiological factors:
Borrelia ssp.
Lyme borreliosis - Vectors:
Ixodes
What are the clinical manifestations of B. Afzelii?
Borrelia Afzelii has affinity to skin thus it causes more often skin manifestations of Lyme disease
What are the clinical manifestations of B. Garinii?
Borrelia Garinii has affinity to nervous system thus it causes especially neuroborreliosis
What are the clinical manifestations of B. Burgdorferi?
Borrelia Burgdorferi has affinity to joints thus it causes mostly Lyme arthritis
What does the Borrelia ssp. look like?
- they belong to spirochetes
- vigorously motile
- corkscrew-shaped bacteria
What are the pathogenic factors of the borrelia ssp.?
- the pathogenic factors allows the spirochete to attach to mammalian cells
- Lipoproteins:
- plasmid-encoded out-surface proteins (Osp) A-F. (OspC type A - the most virulent)
- surface-exposed lipoprotein (VIsE - variable major protein-like sequence expressed)
What are the virulence factors of borrelia ssp.?
contribute to persistance of infection, i.e. occurence of 3-rd stage of lymph disease - late infection. It dose NOT refer to treatment difficulities nor to antibiotic resistance (prolonged therapy is definetly not recommended)
- ability to downregulate expression of OspC lipoprotein
- antigenic variation of VisE lipoprotein
Which tick is most common in Europe?
Ixodes ricinus
Which tick is most common in Asia?
Ixodes persulcatus
Which tick is most common in USA?
Ixodes scapularis
Ixodes pacificus
How is the life cycle of a tick?
Ixodes
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