thyroid problems Flashcards
secondary hyperthyroidism
pathology in the hypothalamus or pituitary
graves disease definition
autoimmune condition where TSH receptor antibodies cause primary hyperthyroidism
causes of hyperthyroidism
graves disease
inflammation
solitary toxic thyroid nodule
toxic multinodular goitre
features of hyperactive thyroid
anxiety and irritability
sweating and heat intolerance
tachycardia
weight loss
fatigue
insomnia
frequent loose stools
sexual dysfunction
brisk reflexes
specific features to graves disease
diffuse goitre
graves eye disease
pretibial myxoedema
thyroid acropachy
3 phases of de quervain’s thyroiditis
thyrotoxicosis
hypothyroidism
return to normal
what is the initial thyrotoxic phase of de quervain’s thyroiditis
excessive thyroid hormones
thyroid swelling and tenderness
flu like illness
raised inflammatory markers
treatment of de quervain’s
mostly supportive
NSAIDs
betablockers for hyperthyroidism
levothyroxine for hypothyroidism
presentation of thyroid storm
fever
tachycardia
delirium
hyperthyroidism management
carbimazole
propylthiouracil- small risk of severe reactions
both can cause agranulocytosis
radioactive iodine
TFT in primary hypothyroidism
low T3 and T4 high TSH
what is hashimoto’s thyroiditis associated with
anti-TPO
anti-Tg
causes of primary hypothyroidism
hashimoto’s: most common in developed world
iodine deficiency: most common in developing
treatments for hyperthyroidism
lithium
amiodarone
causes of secondary hypothyroidism
tumours
surgery
radiotherapy
sheehan’s syndrome
trauma
presentation of hypoactive thyroid
weight gain
fatigue
dry skin
coarse hair and hair loss
fluid retention
heavy or irregular periods
constipation
management of hypoactive thyroid
oral levothyroxine
