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GR Endocrine > Thyroid Physiology > Flashcards

Thyroid Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomical Location of thyroid

A

C5-T1

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2
Q

Innervation

A 
Parasympathetic = vagus
Sympathetic = sympathetic trunk
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3
Q

Blood supply

A

Superior and inferior thyroid arteries

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4
Q

Which arteries gives off superior and inferior thyroid arteries?

A

External carotid

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5
Q

Venous drainage

A

superior, middle and inferior thyroid veins

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6
Q

Where do the thyroid veins drain into?

A 
Superior = internal jugular vein
Middle = internal jugular vein
Inferior = brachiocephalic vein
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7
Q

What hormone raised blood calcium?

A

Parathyroid

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8
Q

What hormone decreases blood calcium?

A

calcitonin

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9
Q

What is a thyroglobulin?

A

big long chain with lots of tyrosine residues attached

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10
Q

How is iodine involved in hormone synthesis?

A

iodine enters follicular cell alongside Na
iodine leaves follicular cell and goes into colloid
iodine is attached to tyrosine residues on thyroglobulin

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11
Q

a tyrosine with 1 iodine?

A

monoiodotyrosine unit

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12
Q

a tyrosine with 2 iodine?

A

di-iodotyrosine unit

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13
Q

MIT + DIT = ?

A

tri-iodothyronine, T3

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14
Q

DIT + DIT = ?

A

Thyroxine, T4

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15
Q

What enzyme is used to add iodine groups to tyrosine residues?

A

Thyroid peroxidase

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16
Q

Name 3 plasma proteins for thyroid hormones

A

Thyroxine binding globulin (70%)
Thyroxine binding prealbumin
Albumin

17
Q

What type of deIodinase enzyme converts T4–>T3?

A

type 2

18
Q

What does type 3 deIodinase enzyme do?

A

convert T4 into inactive T3

GR Endocrine (7 decks)

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