Thyroid+ Parathyroid Glands

Question 1

What muscles is the Thyroid gland deep to? (C5-T1)

Answer 1

Infrahyoids

Question 2

Describe the typical arterial supply to the Thyroid gland

Answer 2

Superior Thyroid artery;

• Branch of External Carotid
• Close to External branch of Superior Laryngeal

Inferior Thyroid artery;

• From Thyrocervical Trunk (branch of Subclavian)
• Close to Recurrent Laryngeal

Question 3

Describe the Thyroid Ima

Answer 3

• An additional artery present in 10% of people
• Arises from Braciocephalic Trunk
• Supplies Isthmus and Anterior surface

Question 4

Describe the the venous drainage of the thyroid gland

Answer 4

Drained by Superior, Middle and Inferior Thyroid veins which form a Venous Plexus around the Thyroid

• Superior and Middle veins-> IVJ
• Inferior Vein-> Braciocpehalic vein

Question 5

What is the innervation of the thyroid gland?

Describe the lymphatic drainage

Answer 5

By branches derived from the sympathetic trunk (don’t control the secretory function)

To Paratracheal and Deep Cervical nodes

Question 6

Describe the arterial supply to the parathyroids

Answer 6

• Mainly via Inferior Thyroid artery (as this supplies posterior thyroid gland)
• Collateral supply from Superior Thyroid and Thyroid Ima

Question 7

Describe the venous and Lymphatic drainage of the Parathyroids

Answer 7

Superior, Middle and Inferior Thyroid veins

Paratracheal and Deep Cervical nodes

(Same as Thyroid for both Veinous and Lymphatic)