Thyroid Gland And Disorders

Question 1

Normal adult thyroid gland weighs about ____ grams

Answer 1

15 - 20grams.

Question 2

Follicles are _______ in shape and lined by single layer of _______ epithelium.

Answer 2

Spherical

Cuboidal

Question 3

Thyroglobulin Has a mol. wt. of _____ and contains ________ tyrosine amino acids

Answer 3

660,000

140

Question 4

Minimum daily intake of iodine in food & water is ?

Answer 4

100-150mg

Question 5

About ___ of absorbed iodide is taken up by the thyroid and ____ excreted by kidney

Answer 5

1/3

2/3

Question 6

Transport
• ___% bind with Tyrosine binding globulin (TBG)
• ___% bind with Tyrosine binding Prealbumin (TBPA)
• ___% with serum albumin
• ____% in free form

Answer 6

67
20
13
<0.1

Question 7

• _________ has largest capacity to bind T4 & ___ the smallest.

Answer 7

Albumin. This means that 1 molecule of albumin can bind lots of T4 the most.

TBG. This means that TBG gets filled fast.

Question 8

• ____ has the greatest affinity to bind T4

Answer 8

TBG.

Question 9

Secretion

Normal human thyroid secretes about:
____ of T4/day
_____ of T3 ,,
____ of RT3 ,,

Answer 9

80mg
4mg
2mg

Question 10

T__– feedback at pituitary or hypothalamic level to

control TSH release.

Answer 10

T4

Question 11

Glucocorticoids inhibit T_H

Answer 11

TRH

Question 12

Thyroid hormones _____ number and activity of mitochondria.

Answer 12

Increases

Question 13

Thyroid hormones on carbohydrate metabolism
T or F

• rapid uptake of glucose by cells
• glycolysis
• Increases Insulin secretion.

Answer 13

TTT

Question 14

Thyroid hormones on Vitamin metabolism
- demand for vitamins is _______ leading to
______ Vitamin deficiency

Answer 14

Increased

Increased

Question 15

Thyroid hormones caused Increased strength of heart muscle but this is depressed with marked increases in TH

T or F

Answer 15

True

Question 16

Thyroid hormones cause decreased rate & depth of respiration

T or F

Answer 16

F

Question 17

For the effect of thyroid hormones on GIT;

Increased gastric motility – diarrhea
T or F

Answer 17

True (according to slide)

Question 18

Excessive thyroid hormones causes coarse muscle tremor

T or F

Answer 18

Fine muscle tremor (False)

Question 19

Thyroid hormone – increases the rate of secretion of most other endocrine glands

T or F

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Excess thyroid hormones can result in impotence

T or F

Answer 20

True. Both hypo and hyperthyroidism causes infertility

Question 21

In women
- Lack of thyroid hormones leads to excessive
& frequent ___________
- Irregular period and occasionally Amenorrhea.

This irregular period is called ?

Answer 21

Menstrual bleeding (abnormal uterine bleeding)
Oligomenorrhia.

Question 22

Hyperthyroid woman
- Greatly reduced bleeding and occasionally amenorrhea

T or F

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Infantile form of hypothyroidism is _________

• In adult it is called _________

Answer 23

Cretinism

Myxedema

Question 24

Hypersecretion of TH:
Grave disease or toxic goiter

Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder characterized by increased circulating levels of ________________. These immunoglobulins are antibodies to TSH receptors on thyroid follicular cells. When present, the antibodies intensely stimulate the thyroid gland, resulting in increased secretion of thyroid hormones and _________ of the gland.

Answer 24

thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins

Hypertrophy