Pancreas Gland And Disorders

Question 1

Insulin is a peptide hormone consisting of __________ chains,
an A chain (___amino acids) and a B chain (____amino acids). ____ disulfide bridges link the A chain to the B chain, and a third disulfide bridge is located within the __ chain.

Answer 1

Two straight
21,30
Two
A

Question 2

The synthesis of insulin is directed by a gene on chromosome ___, a member of a superfamily of genes that encode related _________

Answer 2

11

growth factors.

Question 3

• Increased fatty acid and keto acid concentration stimulates insulin secretion

T or F

Answer 3

True

Question 4

List the 4 hormones that are stimulatory factors for insulin.

Answer 4

Glucagon
Growth hormone
Cortisol
GIP

Question 5

Alpha 2 adrenergic agonists inhibits insulin secretion
Beta 2 adrenergic agonists stimulate glucagon secretion

T or F

Answer 5

True

Question 6

What is Diazoxide?

Answer 6

An oral medication used to treat hyperinsulinism. It is a potassium channel activator

Question 7

GLUCAGON
Secreted by the alpha cells, It “mirror’s the image” of _____. Thus, while insulin is the hormone of “abundance,” glucagon
is the hormone of “________.”
In contrast to insulin, which promotes storage of metabolic
fuels, glucagon promotes their _____________

Answer 7

Insulin
Starvation
mobilization and utilization

Question 8

CCK stimulates insulin release

T or F

Answer 8

False

It is released from GIT when protein/fat is ingested. It stimulates glucagon release.

Question 9

Ach stimulates both insulin and glucagon release

T or F

Answer 9

True

Question 10

• Secretion of somatostatin is stimulated by the ingestion of all forms of nutrients (i.e., glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids), by several gastrointestinal hormones, by __________, and by __________
• Secretion of somatostatin is inhibited by _______ via an __________________________

Answer 10

Glucagon
β-adrenergic agonists.
Insulin
intraislet paracrine mechanism.