Thyroid Disease

Question 1

What is the thyroid hormone made up of?

Answer 1

thyroxine + triiodothyronine

Question 2

Thyroid hormone influences ___ maturation, cell ___ and ___ expenditure.

Answer 2

tissue; respiration; energy

Question 3

What is the feedback mechanism mediated by?

Answer 3

hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis

metabolic demand increase or decreases feedback

Question 4

How is Thyroid Disease diagnosed?

Answer 4

1. Clinical history
2. Lab tests
   - Radioactive iodine uptake (function)
   - T3 and T4 serum concentration
   - TSH serum concentration

Question 5

What disease category includes the following:

1. Thyrotoxicosis
   - Graves’ disease (most common)
   - Autoimmune
2. Excess T3 and T4 in the blood
3. Anxiety, fatigue, rapid HR, heat intolerance, weight loss, exopthalmous

Answer 5

HYPERthyroidism

Question 6

How is HYPERthyroidism managed?

Answer 6

Goal = euthyroid

1. Antithyroid agents (Propylthiouracil, 18 months)
2. Radioactive iodine
3. Surgery

Question 7

___ ___ is a rare, serious complication of untreated hyperthyroidism.

Answer 7

Thyrotoxic crisis

Restlessness, N/V, abdominal pain
Sweating, tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmias, heart failure
Hypotension, death

Question 8

What disease category includes the following:

Inadequate amount of T3 and T4
Slow physical/mental activity, sensitivity to cold, weight gain

Answer 8

HYPOthyroidism

Question 9

How is HYPOthyroidism managed?

Answer 9

synthetic preparations of LT4 (levothyroxine) or LT3 (liothyronine)

Question 10

___ ___ presents with severe myxedema, bradycardia, and severe hypotension.

Answer 10

HYPOthryoid coma

It has a high mortality rate

Question 11

T/F. Well controlled thyroid disease can receive any routine dental treatment.

Answer 11

True.

Question 12

What should be done when managing acute infection or if you anticipate significant surgical stress?

Answer 12

physician consult

Question 13

T/F. Untreated/Uncontrolled thyroid patients can receive elective care.

Answer 13

False, there should be NO elective care and infections should be treated in conjunction with a physician.

Question 14

Potential problems with HYPERthyroidism includes adverse interaction with ___; complications secondary to underlying ___ problems; and ___ and infection/wound healing issues.

Answer 14

epinephrine; CV; Propylthiouracil

Question 15

It is better to give an Untreated HYPOthyroidism patient sedatives and narcotic analgesics.

Answer 15

False, they have an exaggerated response to CNS depressants, like sedatives and narcotic analgesics.