Thyroid Case Studies Flashcards
what is the difference between primary hyperthyroidism and secondary hyperthyroidism?
primary- with low TSH, the thyroid still produces too much TH
secondary- high TSH causes high TH production
what are the symptoms of hyperthyroidism?
elevated BMR, tachycardia, sweating, heat intolerance, nervousness, muscle wasting, changes in hair growth and difficulty sleeping. some have exopthalmos
what is a toxic goiter?
enlarged thyroid containing increased TH on TG
what is the most common form of hyperthyroidism? what is it caused by?
grave’s disease
caused by thyroid stimulating Ig targeting the TSH receptor-causing hypertrophy of thyrocytes
what complication of hyperthyroidism is a medical emergency?
a thyroid storm
what is the difference between primary and secondary hypothyroidism?
primary- high TRH and TSH but the thyroid doesn’t produce enough hormone
secondary- high TRH but anterior pituitary does not produce enough TSH
what is the most common form of hypothyroidism?
hashimoto’s thyroiditis
autoimmune- antithyroid antibodies destroy the gland
what is the result of dietary iodine deficiency?
hypothyroidism and goiter
what is the end stage of untreated hypothyroidism?
myxedema coma
what are the symptoms of hypothyroidism?
low BMR, cold intolerance, lethargy, increased fat deposition, hypotension, non pitting edema, headache, skin changes and constipation
what is the cause of goiter in hypothyroidism?
“non toxic goiter”
enlarged thyroid due to fibrosis and lymphocytic infiltration
how are hashimoto’s patients treated? iodine deficient patients?
thyroxine
iodine replacement
