Thyroid and parathyroid gland

Question 1

What 3 important hormones does the thyroid gland secrete?

Answer 1

1.T3
2.T4
3.Calcitonin

Question 2

Explain of T3 and T4 get secreted

Answer 2

The thyroid gland has to be stimulated by the anterior pituitrary gland via the TSH that the anterior pituitary gland makes

Question 3

In order to secrete T3 and T4 what has to be present?

Answer 3

IODINE!!

Question 4

What do T3 and T4 do?

Answer 4

-influence cellular metabolism, cellular growth, and govern physical development

Question 5

Calictonin

*what is its secretion stimulated by?
*what does it do?

Answer 5

-Secretion is stimulated by LARGE levels of Ca2+ in the blood

-Calictonin is a bone BUILDING hormone because it allows Ca2+ to be deposited in bones

Question 6

Is calcitonin regulated by the anterior pitutary gland or by blood Ca2+ concetration?

Answer 6

Calcitonin is regulated by blood Ca2+ concentration

Question 7

What happens if a person becomes deficant in iodine?

Answer 7

• they can’t make T3 or T4, so the thyroid gland hypertrophys (grows)

-the Anterior pitutary gland doesnt understand that iodine is deficant, so it sends TSH to thyroid gland and thyroid gets bigger

Question 8

What is a goiter?

What does it typically affect and what does that result in?

Answer 8

Growth of thyroid from constant stimulation of thyroid

Typically results in difficulty swallowing which results in weighloss

Question 9

A goiter can occur is BOTH _______&_______

Answer 9

Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism

Question 10

Hyperthyroidism (graves disease)

Answer 10

-occurs when there is TOO much T3 or T4

-over stimulation of thyroid from the anterior pituitary gland or hypothalamus

-increases heart rate, increased blood pressure, weightloss, bulging eyes

Question 11

Hypothyroidism

Answer 11

-occurs when theres too little T3/T4 or calcitonin

-adults: lethargy and weight gain

Question 12

What happends when kids get hypothyroidism?

Answer 12

-they get CRETINISM which is a combo of dwarfism, mental retardeness, lack of sexual maturity

Question 13

Parathyroid gland:

Answer 13

-4 glands located posterior of thyroid

-Primary function: produce Parathyroid hormon (PTH)

Question 14

PTH: (Parathyroid hormone)

what are the two ways it increases blood Ca levels?

What is its secretion stimulated by?

Answer 14

-can increse blood Ca2+ levels when they are low by reabsorbing Ca2+ in the kidneys

-increate Ca2+ levels by activating vitamin D to enchance Ca2+ absorbtion in small intestine

-secretion is stimulated by LOW amounts of Ca2+ in blood

Question 15

what hormone is parathyroid hormone the OPPOSITE of?

Answer 15

Calcitonin

Question 16

Parathyroid hormone increases ______ of bone which then _______ Ca2+ levels in the blood.

Answer 16

Parathyroid hormone increases BREAKDOWN of bone which then INCREASES Ca2+ levels in the blood.