Thyroid and Adrenal gland Flashcards
Another name for hyperthyroidism
thyrotoxicosis
hyperthyroidism mc form
Graves disease(autoimmune disorder most often seen in women 20-40)-antibodies attach the thyroid
Thyroid storm
Thyroid storm (an medical emergency) symptoms like feeling hot, sweating, heart palpitations, and weight loss.
Hyperthyroidism symptoms/signs
symptoms: nervousness, emotional lability, sweating, HEAT intolerance, fatigue, increased appetite, diarrhea, wt loss., irregular menses, palpitations, A-fib in elderly
Signs: goiter, warm moist sking, thin hair, hair loss, fine tremor, tachycardic at rest, hyperreflexia, exophthalmos, gynecomastia
hyperthyroid labs
Low TSH/TRH
High T4
Normal TSH and T4 levels
TSH 0.4-4.8
T4 0.8-1.7
hyperthyroid tx
radioactive iodine is first line
Propylthiouricil (PTU) blocks T4 concersion to T3 (active form) 100-150 mg/day PO divided q8h
surgery (euthyroid first)
BB for thyroid store, tachy, or a-fib
Hypothyroid causes
hashimotos thyroiditis, thryroidectomy, radiation therapy
hypothyroidism s/s
opposite of hyperthyroid
hypothyroid labs
High TSH
Low T4
hypothyroid tx
Levothyroxine (Synthroid) (synthetic T4)
50-100 mcg PO qd
Elderly only 25mcg
once euthyroid maintain on same brand
Hypoparathyroidism
seen after thyroidectomy
manifests as hypocalcemia
occurs w/ mg deficiency
Chvostek sign
Seen in hypoparathyroidism
It is the hyperirritability of facial nerve when tapped (due to low Ca++)
“stek is like steak, shove steak in face, facial nerve”
Trousseau sign
seen in hypoparathyroidism
carpal spasms seen w/i two minutes of inflating BP cuff over systolic pressure
‘trousseau is like trousers, use my hands to put on trousers, causes my hands to spasm, carpal spasm”
hypoparathyroidism labs
low Ca++ Low parathyroid hormone Low low serum mg (maybe) high serum phosphate normal alk phos
