thyroid

Question 1

which is the active form of thyroid hormone?

Answer 1

T3.

Question 2

what enzyme is responsible for the peripheral conversion of T4-T3

Answer 2

thyroperoxidase -inhibited by PTU

Question 3

what does thyroid hormone do to the body>

Answer 3

affects also every system in the body. increases oxygen consumption, metabolism of fats, carbs and proteins, vitamin secretion, breakdown of other hormones, growth and differentiation.

Question 4

what is the most common thyroid supplement?

Answer 4

levothyroxine. which is a synthetic t4 replacement

Question 5

liothyronine

Answer 5

t3 replacement

Question 6

liotrix.

Answer 6

t3/t4 mixed replacement

Question 7

is there any benefit in t3 over t4 replacment/

Answer 7

no

Question 8

levothyroxine half life

Answer 8

6-7 days.

Question 9

levothyroxine time to peak affect

Answer 9

3-4 weeks

Question 10

who requires more thyroid hormone per weight?

Answer 10

children.

Question 11

who should be initiated on lower doses of levo?

Answer 11

patients with angina. then gradually increased..

Question 12

why use liothyronine?

Answer 12

more rapidly effective. peaks in 2-4 hours.

Question 13

what is the half life of liothyronine

Answer 13

1 day

Question 14

when is liothyronione typically used?

Answer 14

only in emergencies like myxedema coma. because its more expensive has a lower half life, etc. less stable

Question 15

what does lack dietary iodine cause?

Answer 15

endemic goiter, or idoine deficient goiter. this is hypothyroidism.

Question 16

what are the common causes of hyperthyroidism

Answer 16

Graves, thyroid nodule, thyroiditis, thyroid cancer

Question 17

lab findings for hyperthyroidism

Answer 17

low TSH, t3-t4 usually increased.

Question 18

how can medically treat hyperthyroidism?

Answer 18

propylthiouracil, methimazole, carbimazole

Question 19

how does the medical treatment of hyperthyroidism work?

Answer 19

inhibition of the organification and coupling of iodide and iodotyrosine. this is inhibition of thyroid peroxidase. there is peripheral inhibition of conversion

Question 20

what route is the best for thyrotoxicosis

Answer 20

rectally

Question 21

what are the important side effects of these drugs

Answer 21

lupus-like syndrome. agranulocytosis and hepatitis

Question 22

what is the goal of radioactive iodine?

Answer 22

to destroy enough tissue as to become euthyroid

Question 23

what type of rays are emitted with radioactive thyroid

Answer 23

beta particles and gamma rays

Question 24

what are the contraindications for radioactive therapy

Answer 24

pregnancy and breast feeding

Question 25

what are children with hyperthyroid usually treated with?

Answer 25

even though radioactivity is a legitimate alternative they are usually treated with medications.

Question 26

what beta blocker s are used in hyperthyroidism, why?

Answer 26

propanolol, metoprolol, atenolol and nadolol. to control anxiety and tremor as well as palpitations

Question 27

when are beta blockers indicated?

Answer 27

when the symptoms are severe