Thyroid Flashcards
What are the 2 forms of endocrine disease
CONTROL failure (SECONDARY)
GLAND failure (PRIMARY)
What can be causes of hyperthyroidism
Graves disease Toxic
multi-nodular goitre
toxic adenoma
Pituitary tumour
What are Signs&symptoms of hyperTH
Signs
-warm moist skin
-tachycardia & atrial fibrillation
-increased blood pressure & heart failure
-eyelid retraction & lid lag
Symptoms
-hot & excess sweating, weight loss, diarrhoea
-palpitations, muscle weakness
-irritable, manic, anxious
What can be the cause of hypothyroidism
Primary
-Autoimmune (Hashimoto’s) thyroiditis
-Idiopathic atrophy
-Radioiodine treatment/thyroidectomy surgery
-Iodine deficiency
Drugs, carbimazole, amiodarone, lithium
congenital
Secondary
-Hypothalamic/pituitary disease
What are S&S of the hypoTH
Signs
-dry coarse skin
-bradycardia, hyperlipidaemia
-psychiatric or confusion
-goitre (Hashimoto’s)
-delayed reflexes
Symptoms
-tired
-cold intolerance, weight gain, constiption
-hoarse voice, goitre, puffed face & extremities
-angina
-‘slow’, poor memory,
-hair loss
How can you investigate TH disease
blood teset for TSH, T3 and T4 levels
What results would a hyperthyroid give in blood test if the cause was pituitary
Raised TSH
Raised T3
What results would a hyperthyroid give in blood test if the cause was graves or adenoma
Low TSH
Raised T3
What results would a hypothyroid give in a blood test if the cause was pituitary
Low TSH
Low T4
What results would a hypothyroid give in a blood test if the cause was
High TSH
Low T4
What is the treatment for hyperthyroidism
Carbimazole
B blockers
Surgery, partial throidectomy
What treatment is there for hypothyroidism
Give T4 tablets (thyroxine)
slow response - weeks
increase dose slowly
Recheck using TSH as a guide if gland failure
