Thrombotic Disorders Flashcards
What are the 3 components of haemostasis?
- Primary haemostasis
- Blood coagulation
- Fibrinolysis
What is primary haemostasis triggered by?
Triggered by tissue damage causing:
- Vasoconstriction
- Platelet adhesion
- Platelet aggregation
In primary haemostasis, what does tissue damage cause?
- Vasoconstriction
- Platelet adhesion
- Platelet aggregation
What does the coagulation cascade result in?
- Insoluble fibrin formation
- Fibrin cross-linking
What is fibrinolysis?
Plasminogen is converted into plasmin:
- Converted by activation factors XI and XII
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What activation factors are required to convert plasminogen into plasmin?
- Converted by activation factors XI and XII
What is plasmin?
This is an enzyme that then converts fibrin into fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products
What is a thrombus?
What is thromboembolism?
Thromboembolism = “movement of clot along a vessel”
Describe the aetiology of thrombosus?
- Virchow’s triad components
- Stasis
- Bed rest
- Travel
- Vessel damage
- Atherosclerosis
- Hypercoagulability
- Pregnancy
- Trauma
- Stasis
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What are the 3 components of Virchow’s triad?
Stasis
Vessel damage
Hypercoagulability
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What does an arterial thrombus consist of?
- Platelets and fibrin
What are the 3 different kinds of thrombosis?
Describe the aetiology of arterial thrombosis?
- Principally secondary to atherosclerosis
Describe the risk factors for arterial thrombosis?
- Age
- Smoking
- Sedentary lifestyle
- Hypertension
- Diabetes
- Obesity
- Hypercholesterolaemia