Thought & Speech Disorder Flashcards
Circumstantiality
inability to answer a question without giving excessive, unnecessary detail, person DOES eventually return the original point.
Summary table of thought and speech disorders
Tangentiality
wandering from a topic WITHOUT returning to it
Knight’s move thinking
severe type of loosening of associations, where there are unexpected and illogical leaps from one idea to another; schizophrenia
When is knight’s move thinking seen?
Schizophrenia
Flight of ideas
leaps from one topic to another but with discernible links between them.
Perseveration
repetition of ideas or words despite an attempt to change the topic.
thought interference
that somenoe is withdrawing/ inserting outside thoughts into the patient, or that that patients thoughts are being broadcasted
Thought disorder in which person DOES eventually return to the original point
Circumstantiality
Thought disorder in which person doesn’t return to orignal point
Tangentiality
What is pressure of speech/thought? What is it seen in?
fast and difficult to interpret; mania
What is poverty of speech/thought? What is it seen in?
much slower with little or nothing to say, depression
Clang associations
rhyming connections to bridge thoughts (bang, sang etc)
What is thougth block? Who is it seen in?
complete emptying of thoughts, sudden halt, schizophrenia
Punning
play on words w homophones (tire, tyre)
Neologism
made up words
Word salad
completely incoherent speech where real words are strung together into nonsense sentences
Difference between circumstantiality and tangentiality
Circumstantiality think circle return to the same pont
Tangentiality tangent never returns to the same point
Difference between knight’s move thinking and flight of ideas
Knight’s move thinking random movements like a knight on a chess board, seen in schizo
Flight of ideas rapid topics but clear links between them
Summary table showing subtypes of delusions
Grandiose delusion
exaggerated beliefs about being special
Persecutory/paranoid delusions
That others are trying to cause them harm
Thought interference delusions
That somenoe is withdrawing/ inserting outside thoughts into the patient, or that that patients thoughts are being broadcasted
Nilhistic delusions
The absence of something vitally important (that they’re dead, rotting, homeless)
Delusions of reference
That certain items/events have special meaning about them
Delusions of control
That outside forces are controlling them
Depersonalisation delusions
The sensation of being outside of your body and observing your actions as a third party
Derealisation delusions
The sensation or belief that the world is not real; things around you seem “foggy” or “lifeless”
Summary table showing delusional syndromes
Othello syndrome
Believing partner is unfaithful
THINK: Unfaithful like in Shakespeare
Fregoli syndrome
Delusion that different people are in fact a single person who changes appearance or is in disguise
Folie a deux
shared delusions/hallucinations between people
De Clerambault’s Syndrome/erotomaniac
patient believes another person, usually a celeb, is in love with them
Capgras syndrome
Delusion that a friend, spouse, parent another close family member or pet has been replaced by an identical impostor
NOTE: To remember it: CAPgras, impostor wears a cap to hide himself/herelf
Ekbom syndrome
Aka delusional parasitosis
Delusion that they are infested with living or non-living pathogens such as parasites, insects or bugs when no manifestation is present
NOTE: Presents with tactile hallucinations known as fornications
Factitious disorder/Munchausen’s syndrome
consciously pretending or exaggerating you have a medical illness (wanting to be seen as ill)
Malingering
Pretending to be ill FOR A SPECIFIC EXTERNAL BENEFIT
Cotard syndrome
Aka walking corpse syndrome
Delusion that the person is dead, does not exist, is putrefying and/or has lost blood and internal organs
Big risk with cotard syndrome
Can refuse to eat due to belief of immortality and eventually pass away of starvation
What delusional syndrome presents with formication?
Ekbom
NOTE: sensation of insects crawling under the skin
What is morgellons syndrome?
Subtype of Ekbom syndrome in which individuals believe they have sores containing harmful strings/fibers
