Thorax and Lungs - Lecture Flashcards
What are the accessory muscles of inspiration?
SCM (elevates sternum)
All 3 scalenes ( elevate and fix upper ribs)
sudden attack or increase of symptoms
paroxysmal
Where does the bronchi split?
at the sternal angle (angle of Louis)
What can you find at the 4th rib, just lateral to the sternum and 5th rib at the midaxillary line?
horizontal fissure with inhalation
What can you find at the 6th rib at the midaxillary line?
oblique fissure with inhalation
What could these symptoms indicate? thorax is symmetrical with good expansion lungs resonant breath sounds vesicular no rales, wheezes, or rhonchi diaphragms descent 4 cm bilaterally
nothing. this is normal
What could these symptoms indicate?
thorax asymmetric with decreased movement on the left. lung is hyperresonant on the left. breath sounds decreased on the left in all lobes. diaphragms descend 4 cm bilaterally on right and not percussed on left
Pneumothorax
What could these symptoms indicate?
thorax symmetric with moderate kyphosis and increased anteroposterior diameter, decreased expansion. lungs are hyperresonant. breath sounds distant with delyaed expiratory phase and scattered expiratory wheezes. fremitus decreased; no bronchophony, egophony, or whispered pectoriloquy. diagphragms descend 2 cm bilaterally
COPD
What could these symptoms indicate?
thorax symmetric with flattened kyphosis and normal AP diameter. lungs are resonant. broncho-vesicular breath sounds and scattered expiratory wheezes bilaterally. wheezes strongly with forced expiration. no bronchophony, egophony, or whispered pectoriloquy. diaphragms descend 4 cm bilaterally
Asthma
Which lobe is located in the front?
middle
blood clot in the vein, causes localized collapse and ribs don’t move over the affected area
pulmonary embolism
A tripod posture may be indicative of what?
COPD and epiglottitis
