Breast and Axillae - Lab Flashcards
5 D’s related to nipples of the breast
1) discharge
2) depression or inversion
3) discoloration
4) dermatologic changes
5) deviation
What does recent unilateral inversion of the nipple suggest?
malignancy
What does retraction, flattening, or pulling of the nipple and areola suggest?
pulling by inflammatory or malignant tissue
What does crusting, cracking or discharge from the nipple and areola suggest?
pulling by inflammatory or malignant tissue
- may suggest pathology
What are the 5 positions a patient should assume when inspecting their breasts?
1) sitting, arms relaxed and at sides
2) sitting, arms extended
3) sitting, hands on hips pressing in towards waist
4) sitting, arms outstretched, leaning forward
5) supine, folded towel under side to be examined, arm extended
What are the three methods used to perform breast palpations?
1) circular
2) spoke
3) vertical strip
When performing an axillae examination, should the patient be seated or supine?
either is fine, but techniques are different
What are the 5 surfaces of the axilla to palpate?
1) apex
2) medial aspect along the rib cage
3) lateral aspect along the upper surface of the arm
4) anterior wall along the pectoral muscles
5) posterior wall along the border of the scapula
When palpating the axilla, which part of your fingers should be used? And what techniques should be used?
palmar surfaces
press firmly, rolling the tissues against the chest wall and muscles of the axilla
Name the Tanner stage of breast development:
breast forms a double mound and the areola is raised above the surrounding breast tissue
stage 4
Name the Tanner stage of breast development:
only the nipple is raised
stage 1
Name the Tanner stage of breast development:
areola rejoins the surrounding breast tissue with single, smooth contour
stage 5
Name the Tanner stage of breast development:
only the areola is raised (breast bud)
stage 2
Name the Tanner stage of breast development:
breast is raised beyond the areola but with a single, smooth contour
stage 3
