Thorax 6 pulmonary

Question 1

of Lobes of right and left lung

Answer 1

Right 3 / Left 2

- Superior, middle, inferior

Question 2

Between lobes

Answer 2

Oblique Fissure
Horizontal Fissure (right only)

Question 3

Pulmonary vs Pleural Cavity

Answer 3

Pulmonary
- everything deep to ribs

Pleural Cavity

• between pareital and visceral pleura
• internal ribs and lung

Question 4

Left lung features (vs right)

- mediastinal surface

Answer 4

Cardiac Notch
Large Cardiac Impression
Lingula 
2 Lobes
Groove of aortic arch / descending aorta
Left "primary" bronchus)

Question 5

Sublaryngeal airway

- Tracheobronchial Tree

Answer 5

Trachea
Primary Bronchus
Secondary Bronchus
Tertiary Bronchus

Question 6

Cartilagenous central ridge within trachea that runs between the 2 primary bronchus

Answer 6

Carina

Question 7

Within the pleural cavity?

Answer 7

small bit of fluid to maintain attraction between visceral and parietal pleura

Question 8

2 instance of larger space in pleural cavity?

Answer 8

1. lung still developing
2. damage (knife, tumor)
   - air enters cavity
   - decrease cohesiveness
   - lung collapses

Question 9

2 causes of collapsed lung

Answer 9

Pneumothorax
- air in pleural cavity

Hemothorax
- blood in pleural cavity

Question 10

Right lung features (vs left)

- medialstinal view

Answer 10

Groove of azygos vein
of SVC
of IVC
of esophagus
Secondary Bronchus
Smaller Cardiac Impression

Question 11

Anatomy of breathing

Answer 11

diaphragm drops 
- increase vertical dimension
intercostal muscles contract 
- raise ribs and sternum
- increase antero-posterior and transverse dimensions

Intrathoracic Pressure drops

Question 12

2 main portions of the diaphragm

- what travels through these

Answer 12

peripheral muscle portion

• venal caval aperture (T8)
• IVC and right phrenic nerve

central tendinous portion

• esophageal hiatus (T10)
• esophagus, vagal trunks, esophageal branches of left gastric artery

Muscle contracts closing esophagus, tendon doesn’t to allow blood flow

Question 13

Vertebral level of diaphragm at sternal and lumbar

Answer 13

sternal T8

lumbar T12

Question 14

Openings through diaphragm

Answer 14

Venal Caval Aperture T8
- IVC and right phrenic nerve

Esophageal Hiatus T10
- esophagus, right and left vagal trunks and esophageal branches of left gastric artery

Aortic Hiatus T12
- descending aorta, thoracic duct and azygos vein

Question 15

Vagus nerves travel through diaphragm with?

Answer 15

esophagus

• left - anterior
• right - posterior

Question 16

Diaphragm arteries

Answer 16

Internal Thoracic
- pericardiacophrenic
- musculophrenic
Thoracic Aorta
- superior phrenic
Inferior
- inferior phrenic

Question 17

Arteries involved in paracardium

- not involved?

Answer 17

musculophrenic
superior phrenic
esophageal / broncheal 
coronary
paracardiacophrenic 

NOT phrenic