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Anatomy 3401 - Part 2 > Thorax 3 middle medialstinum > Flashcards

Thorax 3 middle medialstinum Flashcards

1
Q

Double walled sac enclosing the heart

A

Pericardium

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2
Q

2 pericardium of the heart?

  • layers?
  • space between?
A

Fibrous Pericardium - 1 layer
- outside layer once ribcage removed

Serous Pericardium - 2 layers

  • Visceral - against the heart
  • Parietal - inside of fibrous layer

Pericardial cavity
- potential space between V and P serous pericardium

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3
Q

Middle Mediastinum structures

A 
heart
pericardium
ascending aorta
roots of great vessels
phrenic nerves
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4
Q

Arch of aorta MS?

A

superior MS

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5
Q

Apex and base of heart?

A

apex - left ventricle

base - left atria (most posterior part)

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6
Q

‘Surfaces’ of heart

A

anterior - right ventricle
diaphragmatic - left ventricle
right pulm - right ventricle
left pulm - left ventricle

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7
Q

‘Borders’ of the heart

A

Superior - Left + Right Atria
Inferior - Right Ventricle (rests on diaphragm
Left - Left Ventricle
Right - Right Atria

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8
Q

Great vessels of the heart

A

superior vena cava
aorta
pulmonary trunk

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9
Q

Grooves of the heart
- arteries

MC question*

A

Atrioventricular Groove

  • right coronary artery
  • circumflex artery

Interventricular Groove

  • anterior interventricular artery
  • posterior interventricular artery
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10
Q

Arteries of the heart

- travel?

A

Right coronary artery

  • sinoatrial artery (towards SVC)
  • marginal artery (towards apex)
  • ends at posterior interventricular artery

Left coronary artery

  • circumflex artery
  • anterior –> posterior interventricular artery
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11
Q

Coronary veins

- travel?

A

anterior cardiac veins

  • over atrioventricular groove and right coronary arts
  • drain directly into right atrium

coronary sinus

  • posterior
  • atrialventricular groove

more but don’t need to know

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12
Q

2 Heart Valve types

A

Atrioventricular Valves (tri / bicuspid)

Pulmonary and Aortic Valves (semilunar valves)

  • try before you buy
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13
Q

purpose of valves?

A

prevent backflow

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14
Q

Atrioventricular Valve structures

A

Cusps
Cordae Tendinae
Papillary Muscles

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15
Q

How to distinguish Pulmonary and Aortic valves?

A

Aortic has coronary arteries rising from it

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16
Q

Right Atrium interior structures

A 
Opening of SVC and IVC
Interatrial Septum
Fossa Ovalis
Opening of Coronary Sinus
Right Atrioventricular Orifice
Crista Terminalus
17
Q

Sulcus Terminalus and Crista Terminalus

  • relation
  • location
  • importance
A

Sulcus

  • grove on right atrium
  • from front of SVC to front of IVC
  • internal aspect represents the Crista Terminalus
  • both part of embryological development

Superior line represents location of the SA node**
Inferior the AV node

18
Q

Fossa Ovalis

A

Direct passage of blood from right to left atrium during fetal development
- bypassed non-functioning lungs

19
Q

Valve of the IVC

A

Flap
Important in fetal circulation
Helped direct oxygen rich blood through the fossa ovalis from the right artria to the left, bypassing the lungs

20
Q

Right Ventricle interior structures

A 
Right atrialventricular valve
- 3 cusps
- cordea tendinae 
- papillary muscle
- moderator band
Pulmonary Valve 
- 3 cusps

Trabeculae Carnae

21
Q

Moderator Band

A

right ventricle
inter ventricular wall to papillary muscles

theory - papillary muscle contracts slightly faster than valve

22
Q

Trabeculae Carneae vs Pectinate Muscles (pectinate carneae)

A

Trabeculae muscles in Ventricles

Pectinate in Atria and Auricles

23
Q

Reflect Left Auricle

- what is found?

A

Origin of Left coronary artery

24
Q

Left atria

- location

A

Most posterior
Base of the heart
- Pulmonary veins drain here
- Pectinate Muscles

25
Q

Left Ventricle

A 
Left atrioventricular valve (bicuspid / mitral)
- 2 cusps
- cordae tendinae
- papillary muscle
Aortic Valve
- 3 sections (semilunar valve)

Trabeculae Carnae muscles

Anatomy 3401 - Part 2 (11 decks)

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