Thorax 6: ANS and Lymphatic Drainage

Question 1

Where are the preganglionic cell bodies found

Answer 1

IML

Question 2

Where are the postganglionic cell bodies of GVE found

Answer 2

sympathetic chain or pre-aortic ganglia

Question 3

Where are cell bodies of GVA found

Answer 3

DRG of T1-L2

Question 4

What nerve will provide parasympathetic innervation to the thorax

Answer 4

vagus

Question 5

What are the 2 divisions of the ANS

Answer 5

parasympathetic

sympathetic

Question 6

What is the pathway for sympathetics to the body wall

Answer 6

start at IML (T1-L2)
involves every single spinal nerve, posterior ramus
anterior ramus
out ventral and dorsal rami

Question 7

What is the pathway for sympathetics to the thoracic viscera above the diaphragm

Answer 7

start at IML

enter sympathetic chain and ascend, synapse, leave gray ramus and sympathetic chain, descend to level

Question 8

Where will the cell bodies that sense pain from the heart be found

Answer 8

DRG of T1-4; GVA neurons

Question 9

What is the pathway for sympathetics to viscera below diaphragm

Answer 9

IML enter sympathetic chain, descend and leave chain without synapsing
synapse with pre-aortic ganglia

Question 10

What are the sympathetic nerves that go to viscera below the diaphragm

Answer 10

splanchnic nerves

Question 11

Where do parasympathetic nerves come from

Answer 11

craniosacral regions

Question 12

Where does the vagus nerve cell body originate

Answer 12

medulla oblongata

Question 13

Where do the cell bodies or preganglionic vagal nerve found

Answer 13

dorsal vagal nucleus

Question 14

Where are the cell bodies of postganglionic vagal nerve found

Answer 14

intramural ganglia

Question 15

Where are the cell bodies of GVA of the vagus found

Answer 15

inferior ganglion of vagus

Question 16

What cell bodies are found in the superior ganglion of the vagus

Answer 16

GSA

Question 17

What provides sympathetics to the thorax

Answer 17

IML T1-T4

Question 18

What provides parasympathetics to the thorax

Answer 18

vagus n

Question 19

How is the heartbeat controlled

Answer 19

intrinsically controlled, modified by autonomics

Question 20

How will sympathetics influence the heart

Answer 20

dilate blood vessels
shunt blood to skeletal muscle
increase HR and strength of contraction

Question 21

How will parasympathetics influence the heart

Answer 21

slow the heart, constrict coronary vessels, not shunt blood to skeletal muscle

Question 22

What is the pain innervation to the lung

Answer 22

lung parenchyma and visceral pleura get no pain

Question 23

When will a lung tumor be detected

Answer 23

not until it gets to parietal viscera and body wall

Question 24

How will sympathetics affect the lung

Answer 24

bronchodilator
vasoconstriction
less mucous (inhibit bronchial glands)

Question 25

How will parasympathetics affect the lung

Answer 25

bronchoconstriction vasodilator more mucous

Question 26

What is the innervation to the esophagus

Answer 26

vagus nerve

Question 27

Where will pain from the heart refer to

Answer 27

T1-T4 | chest and left upper extremity and shoulder

Question 28

What are other causes of chest pain besides heart

Answer 28

lung related torn pectoral muscles periosteum, costochondritis neuralgia

Question 29

What will be the signs and symptoms of irritation and destruction to sympathetics in the thorax

Answer 29

irritation: sweating, increased HR/BP, bronchial dilation destruction: decreased HR/BP, dry flush skin

Question 30

What are the signs and symptoms of irritation and destruction to parasympathetics in the thorax

Answer 30

irritation: decreased heart rate, coughing (increased mucous), bronchial constriction, nausea destruction: increased heart rate, constipation

Question 31

What nerve is at risk during repair to the ductus arteriosum

Answer 31

left recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 32

What are signs and symptoms of left recurrent laryngeal nerve damage

Answer 32

hoarseness as the vocal chord would be paralyzed

Question 33

What structures may be affected if there are enlarged mediastinal nodes

Answer 33

compress left recurrent laryngeal nerve, phrenic nerve, esophagus, SVC

Question 34

What lymph nodes drain the breast

Answer 34

axillary, parasternal, inferior phrenic

Question 35

Where will the lymph drainage from the skin between the clavicle and umbilicus converse

Answer 35

axillary nodes

Question 36

Lymphatic drainage of the pleura of the lung

Answer 36

visceral: with lung Parietal: following body wall

Question 37

How will lymph from the esophagus drain

Answer 37

thoracic: deep cervical nodes, paratracheal nodes, posterior mediastinal abdominal: celiac nodes

Question 38

Where will carinal nodes receive lymph from

Answer 38

right lung, left inferior lobe

Question 39

Where will carinal nodes drain

Answer 39

right side and to right jugulovenous angle

Question 40

Where will thoracic duct drain into

Answer 40

left jugulovenous angle