Thorax 3

Question 1

What are the branches of the ascending aorta?

Answer 1

Left & Right coronary arteries

Don’t confuse with carotid.

Question 1

In which mediastinum subdivisions do each section of the aorta reside?

Answer 1

• Ascending aorta - inf. middle mediastinum
• Arch of the aorta - sup. mediastinum
• Descending (thoracic) aorta - inf. post. mediastinum

Question 2

Arch of the aorta - Branches

Answer 2

• Brachiocephalic a.
• Left common carotid a.
• Left subclavian a.

Question 3

What does the pulmonary trunk divide into? and at what level?

Answer 3

Left and right pulmonary arteries
(T5)

Question 4

Hilum - Pulmonary arteries & Primary bronchi MNEMONIC

Answer 4

RALS
Right pulmonary artery is Anterior to the right primary bronchus
Left pulmonary artery is Superior to the left primary bronchus

Question 5

Internal thoracic arteries - Course

Answer 5

• Branch from subclavian a.
• Descends lateral to sternum (left & right)
• Terminates into sup. epigrastric a. & musculophrenic a.

Question 6

Which specimen will likely test the internal thoracic arteries?

Answer 6

The anterior thoracic/chest wall specimen

Check notes for cadaveric image

Question 7

What does the thoracic duct ascend between?

Answer 7

The oesophagus & thoracic aorta

Question 8

Differentiate vagus and phrenic nerves

Answer 8

Vagus nerves
- medial to phrenic nerves
- pass through diaphragm (oesophageal hiatus)

Phrenic nerves
- lateral to vagus nerves
- innervate (terminate at) diaphragm

Question 9

Oesophagus divisions

Answer 9

Cervical - cricoid cartilage to suprasternal notch
Thoracic - suprasternal notch to diaphragm
Abdominal - diaphragm to cardiac region of stomach