THORAX Flashcards
How does the sternum move?
Superiorly and Anteriorly (up and forward), to expand the anteroposterior diameter of chest wall
How do lateral ribs move?
Up to expand the transverse diameter of chest wall
Quiet Ventilation~ inspiration
Diaphragm flattens
External intercostals contract
Internal intercostals contract (ONLY INTERCHONDRAL PART)
Quiet ventilation~ expiration
Elastic recoil of lungs
Relaxation of diaphragm
Slow relaxation of inspiratory muscles
Weight of the thoracic cage (falls)
Muscles in neck involved in vigorous inspiration
Sternocleidomastoid contracts to raise sternum
Scalene muscles contract to raise ribs
Muscles in chest involved in vigorous inspiration
Pectorialis minor (ribs)
Serratus anterior (attaching between scapula and ribs)
Muscles involved in forced expiration
Internal intercostal muscles contract (EXCEPT INTERCHONDRAL PART)
Abdominal muscles contract to push up diaphragm
Transverse and rectus abdominus
External and internal oblique
Quadratics lumborum
What is the mediastinum?
Area between the lungs (between l + r pleural cavity). Structures in the region include the heart, the oesophagus, the trachea, large blood vessels including aorta
Boundaries of the mediastinum
Superior thoracic cavity
Sternum
Diaphragm
Thoracic vertebrae (I-XII)
Aorta structure- remember ABCs!
Aortic arch
Branchiocephalic trunk
Common carotid
Subclavian
Superior vena cava
Brachiocephalic vein
Oesophagus and trachea
Oesophagus sits behind trachea. Trachea rings of c shaped cartilage . Oesophagus flattens down behind because nothing in it
