The Neck Flashcards
What are the superior boundaries of the neck
Base of skull, Inferior mandible
What are the inferior boundaries of the neck
Clavicles
Manubrium of sternum
Body of T1 vertibrae
First rib
Spine of scapular
The neck can be divided into the anterior triangle and the posterior triangle, which muscle delineates these regions?
Sternocleidomastoid
what are the boundaries of the posterior triangle?
Anteriorly: Posterior border of the SCM
Posteriorly: Anterior border of the trapezius
Inferiorly: Middle 1/3 of clavicle
The roof is formed by the investing layer of fascia, and the floor is formed by the prevertebral fascia
What is the significant muscle in the posterior triangle?
Omohyoid muscle-
The inferior belly crosses the posterior triangle, travelling in an supero-medial direction, and splitting the triangle into two.
Splits the triangle into the occipital triangle (above omohyoid) and subclavian triangle (below omohyoid)
The muscle then crosses underneath the SCM to enter the anterior triangle of the neck.
What is the significant artery in the posterior triangle?
Subclavian Artery
What vein is in the posterior triangle?
External jugular vein
What nerves are in the posterior triangle?
Cervical plexus, spinal accessory nerve (CNXI), phrenic nerve
What are the borders of the anterior triangle?
Anteriorly: the ‘midline’ of the neck- from the mental protuberance to the manubrium
Superiorly: inferior border of mandible
Posteriorly: Anterior border of Sternocleidomastoid
Roof: skin, superficial fascia and platysma and investing fascia.
Floor: pharynx, larynx and thyroid gland
The anterior triangle is subdivided into further 4 triangles, what are they?
submandibular, submental, carotid and muscular triangles.
Muscles of the anterior triangle are divided into suprahyoid muscles (above the hyoid bone) and infrahyoid muscles (below the hyoid bone). What are the suprahyoid muscles?
Stylohyoid
Digastric
Mylohyoid
Geniohyoid
What are the infrahyoid muscles?
Superficial=
Omohyoid
Sternohyoid
Deep=
Thyrohyoid
Sternothyroid
Which glands are present in the anterior triangle?
Submandibular (in submandibular triangle) , thyroid (in muscular triangle)
What are the main vessels in the anterior triangle?
Common Carotid Artery (including external carotid and internal carotid)
Internal Jugular Vein- drains blood from the brain, anterior face, cervical viscera and deep muscles of neck
Nerves in anterior triangle
Cranial nerves-
Nerve to mylohyoid V3 (mandibular division of trigeminal nerve)
VII- facial
X- Vagus
XII- hypoglossal
And branches of the cervical plexus
