Thorax

Question 1

constructed the sternum, 12 pairs of ribs, 12 thoracic vertebrae, muscles and cartilages

Answer 1

thoracic cage

Question 2

lies in the center of the chest

Answer 2

sternum

Question 3

sternum divided into three parts

Answer 3

manubrium, the body, and the xiphoid process

Question 4

reference point for counting ribs and intercostal spaces

Answer 4

angle of louis or sternal angle

Question 5

ribs 2 to 6 connected in the

Answer 5

sternum

Question 6

ribs 7-10 connect to the

Answer 6

cartilages

Question 7

consist of mediastinum, and the lungs

Answer 7

thoracic cavity

Question 8

is a flexible structure that lies anterior to the esophagus, begins at the level of the cricoid cartilage in the neck

Answer 8

trachea

Question 9

are two cone-shaped, elastic structures suspended within the thoracic cavity.

Answer 9

lungs

Question 10

anteroposterior diameter is wider that the transverse diameter

Answer 10

barrel chest

Question 11

permanent deformity where there’s a narrow transverse diameter,

Answer 11

pigeon chest

Question 12

sternum is depressed with narrowing AP diameter, exerting abnormal pressure on the heart

Answer 12

funnel chest

Question 13

excessive convex curvature of the thoracic spine

Answer 13

kyphosis

Question 14

lateral deviation of the spine

Answer 14

scoliosis

Question 15

soft, low-pitch sighing sounds created by air moving through the bronchioles and alveoli, heard over the lung periphery (long in inspiration and short in expiration)

Answer 15

vesicular (breath sounds)

Question 16

moderate intensity “blowing” sound created by air passing through bronchi; heard between scapula and lateral sternum (same in inspiration and expiration)

Answer 16

bronchovesicular (breath sounds)

Question 17

high-pitch loud “harsh” sound created by air passing through the trachea, heard over trachea (short during inspiration and long in expiration)

Answer 17

bronchial (breath sounds)

Question 18

is heard over hyperinflated lungs of emphysema or asthma

Answer 18

hyper-ressonance

Question 19

when pleural spaces are replaced by solid tissue or fluid

Answer 19

dullness

Question 20

blood flow in the hear muscle is obstructed

Answer 20

myocardial ischemia

Question 21

caused by blockage of the air passages or by the pressure on the outside of the lung

Answer 21

atelactasis

Question 22

build of fluid between the layers of tissue that line the lungs

Answer 22

pleural effusion

Question 23

edema and angina that occurs with dyspnea may indicate

Answer 23

cardiovascular problem

Question 24

orthopnea may be associated with

Answer 24

heart failure

Question 25

severe dyspnea that awakens the person from sleep also may associated with heart failure

Answer 25

paroxysmal norcturnal dyspnea

Question 26

pain-sensitive nerve endings are located in the

Answer 26

parietal pleura, thoracic muscles, and trancheobronchial tree but not in the lungs

Question 27

pink frothy sputum may be indicative of

Answer 27

pulmonary edema

Question 28

inhaling dust contaminated with histoplasma capsulatum may cause, a systemic fungal disease

Answer 28

histoplasmosis

Question 29

yellow or green sputum is often associated with

Answer 29

bacterial infection

Question 30

assessing the thorax and lungs we used

Answer 30

IPPA, inspecttion, palpation, percussion and auscultation

Question 31

is also called subcutaneous emphysema, is a crackling sensation that occurs when air passes through fluid or exudate

Answer 31

crepitus

Question 32

is present when the fluid or solid tissue replaces air in the lung or occupies the pleural space such as in lobar pneumonia, plueral effusion or tumor

Answer 32

dullness