Thoracic Wall And Pleural Space

Question 1

How to collimating beam for thoracic radiograph

Answer 1

Thoracic inlet to caudal lung tips (last rib)

Thoracic spine to sternum

Question 2

Inspiration

Answer 2

Caudal lung tips extend to T12
Diaphragm further from cardiac silhouette
Lungs have appropriate opacity

Question 3

Expiration

Answer 3

Caudal lung tips cranial T12
Diaphragm closer to cardiac silhouette
Lungs have increased soft tissue capacity

Question 4

Right lateral

Answer 4

Diaphragm crura parallel
Right crus cranial to left
CVC inserts into right
Heart is more oval

Question 5

Left lateral

Answer 5

Diaphragm crura diverge dorsal lay
Left crus cranial to right
CVC inserts into right
Heart is more round

Question 6

Landmarks for VD or DV

Answer 6

Sternum straight
-lined up with spine
Collimating
- thoracic inlet to last rib
Peak inspiration
-maximized contrast

Question 7

DV

Answer 7

Critical animals

Better visualization of caudal pulmonary vasculature

Question 8

VD

Answer 8

Easier to get straight

Better visualization accessory long lobe and great vessels

Question 9

VD projection

Answer 9

Diaphragm crura have 3 humps

Cardiac silhouette is more oval

Question 10

DV projection

Answer 10

Diaphragm is one smooth curve

Cardiac silhouette is more round

Question 11

Evaluation for pneumothorax

Answer 11

Doral recumbency horizontal beam

Left or right lateral horizontal beam

Question 12

Cranial mediastinal evaluation

Answer 12

VD

Patient erect - horizontal beam

Question 13

What is in indicator of appropriate mA

Answer 13

If the peripheral areas of the film are black

Question 14

Degree of tissue penetration if a guide for

Answer 14

Kilovolt peak (kVp)

Question 15

Diaphragm anatomy

Answer 15

Tendinous center
Three thin peripheral muscles 
- pars lumbar is
- pars costal is
- pars sternalis

Question 16

Pars lumbalis

Answer 16

Right and left crura

Question 17

Pars costalis

Answer 17

Oblique attachment to 8th - 13th ribs

Question 18

Pars sternalis

Answer 18

Attachment to xiphoid cartilage

Question 19

Diaphragm anatomy

Answer 19

Tendinous center
Three thin peripheral muscles 
- pars lumbar is
- pars costal is
- pars sternalis

Question 20

Pars lumbalis

Answer 20

Right and left crura

Question 21

Pars costalis

Answer 21

Oblique attachment to 8th - 13th ribs

Question 22

Pars sternalis

Answer 22

Attachment to xiphoid cartilage

Question 23

Diaphragm anatomy

Answer 23

Tendinous center
Three thin peripheral muscles 
- pars lumbar is
- pars costal is
- pars sternalis

Question 24

Pars lumbalis

Answer 24

Right and left crura

Question 25

Pars costalis

Answer 25

Oblique attachment to 8th - 13th ribs

Question 26

Pars sternalis

Answer 26

Attachment to xiphoid cartilage

Question 27

Normal anatomy - cats

Answer 27

Triangular thorax
Heart tilted cranially
-increases with age

Question 28

Deep-chested dogs

Answer 28

Tall, thin hearts
Upright heart position
-little sternal contact
-may appear small

Question 29

“Wolf - like” dogs

Answer 29

Round squat hearts
Wider than tall
-more sternal contact
Ovoid on VD

Question 30

Chondrodystophy breeds

Answer 30

Wide and shallow
Short, round hears
Hearts appear "large"
-increased sternal contact
Barrel chested
Lots of mediastinal fat