Thoracic wall and Diaphragm Flashcards
What are the 5 atypical ribs?
1, 210, 11, 12
What is the arrangement of structures in the costal groove? (from top down)
VeinArteryNerve## FootnoteVAN
The tubercle of the rib connects to the thoracic vertebrae at the ________.
Costal facet
How many facets are present on the head of a typical rib?
2
What are the 2 synovial joints of the thoracic wall?
Between the ribs & vertebrae (costovertebral joints)
Between the sternum & clavicles (sternoclavicular joints)
What is the significance of the synovial joints?
They allow for more movement at the joint
The EICMs run ________ & ________. They are muscles for ________
The EICMs run downwards & forwards. They are muscles for inspiration
The IICMs run ________ & ________. They are muscles for ________
The IICMs run downwards & backwards. They are muscles for expiration
How many pairs of ICMs are there?
11 pairs
Between which 2 layers are the intercostal VAN located?
Between the innermost intercostal muscle & the internal intercostal muscle
Where does the collateral branch of the IC nerve run?
Runs along the upper border of the inferior rib
e.g. The main intercostal nerve of rib 9 runs in the subcostal groove of rib 9, while the collateral branch runs along the upper border of rib 10
The ________ horn of the spinal cord supplies somatic motor innervation to the skeletal muscles of the thoracic wall
The ventral horn of the spinal cord supplies somatic motor innervation to the skeletal muscles of the thoracic wall
Primary somatic ________ (sensory) neurons synapse onto secondary somatic ________ neurons in the ____________ before entering the ________ horn of the spinal cord
Primary somatic afferent (sensory) neurons synapse onto secondary somatic afferent neurons in the dorsal root ganglion before entering the dorsal horn of the spinal cord
Which artery supplies the PIA of the upper 2 IC spaces?
Posterior Intercostal Artery
Costocervical artery; branch of subclavian artery
Which artery supplies the PIA of IC space 3-11?
PIA = Posterior Intercostal Artery
Descending aorta
Which arteries supply the AIAs?
AIA = Anterior Intercostal Artery
Internal mammary artery (IMA) and musculophrenic artery
Musculophrenic artery is the terminal branch of the IMA
What 3 arteries are located at the anterior of the thoracic wall?
Subclavian artery
Internal mammary artery
Musculophrenic artery
Where do the AIVs drain into?
AIV = Anterior Intercostal Vein
Internal mammary vein
Where do the PIVs drain into?
PIV = Posterior Intercostal Vein
Azygos vein & brachiocephalic vein
Which nerve innervates the diaphragm?
Phrenic nerve (C3-5)
Which 3 structures pierce the diaphragm at T12?
Aorta
Thoracic duct
Azygos vein
Which 2 structures pierce the diaphragm at T10?
Oesphagus
Vagus nerve
At what level does the IVC pierce the diaphragm?
T8
What are the 4 accessory muscles of respiration?
Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Subclavius
Serratus anterior