Lungs and Pleura Flashcards
What is the function of the conducting zone?
To filter, warm & moisten air prior to reaching the respiratory portion
The conducting zone comprises of the nasal cavities, ________, larynx, trachea, bronchi, ________, ________ & respiratory bronchioles
The conducting zone comprises of the nasal cavities, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles & respiratory bronchioles
The respiratory zone comprises of the ________, ________, alveolar sacs & alveoli
The respiratory zone comprises of the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs & alveoli
Which embryonic layer is the pleura derived from?
Mesoderm
What are the names of the 2 pleural recesses?
Costo-diaphragmatic recessCosto-mediastinal recess
[Pleural Reflection]The cervical pleura on both sides extend into the root of the neck ____ above the ________.When you trace downwards, they meet each other behind the ________ at the ________ and continue to lie until the ________.
The cervical pleura on both sides extend into the root of the neck 2cm above the clavicle.When you trace downwards, they meet each other behind the sternal angle at the 2nd costal cartilage and continue to lie until the 4th costal cartilage
[Pleural Reflection]The ____ parietal pleura diverges ____ away from the sternum at the ________
The left parietal pleura diverges 1cm away from the sternum at the 6th costal cartilage
[Pleural Reflection]The ________ parietal pleura continues to run from the 4th costal cartilage till the ____ costal cartilage
The right parietal pleura continues to run from the 4th costal cartilage till the 6th costal cartilage
[Pleural Reflection]Both parietal pleura curve laterally at the 6th costal cartilage and reach the ____ rib at the midclavicular line, the ____ rib at the midaxillary line & the ____ rib at the ________ line.
Both parietal pleura curve laterally at the 6th costal cartilage and reach the 8th rib at the midclavicular line, the 10th rib at the midaxillary line & the 12th rib at the paravertebral line.
Which lung has 3 lobes?
Right
What is the hilum of the lung?
Area on the mediastinal surface of the lung through which structures enter or leave the lung
What are the structures in the root of the right lung?(In order moving downwards)
Bronchus
pulmonary Artery
pulmonary Veins x2
Right = BAV
What are the structures in the root of the left lung?(In order moving downwards)
pulmonary Artery
Bronchus
pulmonary Veins x2
FootnoteLeft = ABV
Which nerve passes posterior to the root of the lung?
Vagus nerve
Which nerve passes anterior to the root of the lung?
Phrenic nerve
Why are the visceral pleura & lungs insensitive to pain?
They receive visceral afferent innervation from the pulmonary plexus (autonomic)
Which spinal segments give rise to the phrenic nerve?
C3-5
Which nerves innervate the parietal pleura?
Intercostal nerves (T1-11)
Phrenic nerve (C3-5)
What nerve bundle innervate the visceral pleura & lungs?
Pulmonary plexus (autonomic)
Why is pain from the parietal pleura felt over the neck & shoulders?
Neck & shoulders are supplied by C3-4 while parietal pleura supplied by phrenic nerve (C3-5)Thus, the pain pathways from both pass very close to each other at the dorsal root.
At which level does the trachea extend from?
C6-T4/5
What lies anterior to the trachea?
Left brachiocephalic vein
Brachiocephalic artery
Left common carotid artery
Arch of aorta
What lies posterior to the trachea?
Oesophagus
Left recurrent laryngeal nerve
Trachea > main bronchi > ____ bronchi > ________ bronchi > conducting bronchioles > ________ bronchioles
Trachea > main bronchi > lobar bronchi > segmental bronchi > conducting bronchioles > terminal bronchioles
