Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Viscera Midterm > Thoracic Wall 1 > Flashcards

Thoracic Wall 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The thoracic cage is formed by ___ pairs of

ribs, the _____, _____ cartilages, and 12 _____ vertebrae.

A

12; sternum; costal; thoracic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The part of the rib that attaches to the sternum is (osseous or cartilaginous)?

A

Cartilaginous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the functions of the thoracic wall? (3)

A
  • PROTECTION of contents in the thoracic cavity and upper abdominal cavity.
  • RESPIRATION
  • ATTACHMENT for skin, fascia, and overlying muscles of the neck, thorax, upper limbs, abdomen, and back.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the ANTERIOR boundaries of thoracic cage? (2)

A

Sternum and costal cartilages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the LATERAL boundaries of thoracic cage?

A

RIBS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the POSTERIOR boundaries of thoracic cage? (2)

A

Thoracic vertebrae and IV discs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Communication occurs between the thoracic cavity, the neck and the abdomen is through the _____ and _____ thoracic apertures, respectively.

A

superior; inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Superior Thoracic Aperture (thoracic inlet) is bounded by ___, the ___ ribs plus their cartilages and the _____ border of the
manubrium.

A

T1; 1st; superior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Trachea, esophagus, nerves and blood vessels that either supply or drain the head, neck and upper extremities ALL PASS THROUGH what structure?

A

Superior thoracic aperture (thoracic inlet)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Inferior Thoracic Aperture (thoracic outlet) is bounded by ___, the ___ and ___ pairs of ribs, costal cartilages of ribs _ - _ and the _____
joint.

A

T12; 11th; 12th; 7-10; xiphisternal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which thoracic aperture is more spacious, superior or inferior?

A

Inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which thoracic aperture is CLOSED BY THE DIAPHRAGM separating the thorax from the abdomen?

A

Inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Structures pass to and from the thorax to the abdomen travels through which 3 openings?

A
  • Esophageal Hiatus
  • Aortic Hiatus
  • Inferior Vena Caval Hiatus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Esophageal Hiatus is located at which vertebral level?

A

T10 (“I Eat Asparagus”: T8, T10, T12)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Aortic Hiatus is located at which vertebral level?

A

T12 (“I Eat Asparagus”: T8, T10, T12)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Inferior Vena Caval Hiatus is located at which vertebral level?

A

T8 (“I Eat Asparagus”: T8, T10, T12)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Twigs of RIGHT PHRENIC NERVE travels through which hiatus?

A

Inferior Vena Caval Hiatus (T8)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Anterior and Posterior Vagal Trunk travels through which hiatus?

A

Esophageal Hiatus (T10)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Thoracic Duct travels through which hiatus?

A

Aortic Hiatus (T12)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Twigs of the Right Phrenic Nerve carries what type of information?

A

Somatic sensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Twigs of the Right Phrenic Nerve provides somatic sensory to _____ _____ abdominal wall under the diaphragm.

A

Superior posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Pain within the superior posterior abdominal wall will be referred to which body part?

A

Shoulder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Typical THORACIC vertebrae have vertebral arches and __ processes for muscular and articular attachments.

A

7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Special features of THORACIC VERTEBRAE:
-Long, _____ angled spinous processes.
-Costal facets on the _____ transverse processes (except the last 2 or 3 thoracic vertebrae).
-2 _____ located laterally on the bodies of T2-T9
vertebrae.

A
  • Inferiorly
  • Anterior
  • Demifacets
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

THORACIC VERTEBRAE: The _____ demifacet articulates with the head the rib of the same number.

A

Superior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

The inferior demifacet articulates with the head of the rib _____ to it (higher number).

A

Inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Spinous process of T6 is at which vertebral (body) level?

A

T7 (Projects inferiorly)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q
  • Which thoracic vertebrae are TYPICAL?

- Which ribs are TYPICAL?

A

T2-T9 (Has uniform structures)

Ribs 3-9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Which ribs are considered as “True Rib”?

A

Ribs 1-7 (Each rib will articulate the sternum individually)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Which ribs are considered as “False Ribs”?

A

Ribs 8-10 (These ribs share ONE costochondral joint)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Which ribs are considered as “Floating Ribs”?

A

Ribs 11-12 (Does NOT attach to the sternum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

__ vertebrae has only a single costal facet for the 1st rib and a
demifacet for the superior part of the head of the _____ rib on each side of the body.

A

T1; second

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

T10 has a costal facet that is partly on its _____ and partly on its _____, plus a demifacet on each side of the body.

A

body; pedicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Does T10 have Inferior demifacet?

A

NO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

T11 and T12 only have one _____ facet on each side, on the pedicles.

A

Costal

36
Q

Which part of the rib is prone to fracture?

A

Angle of rib

37
Q

What are the typical VERTEBRAS?

A

T2-T9

38
Q

What are the typical RIBS?

A

Ribs 3-9

39
Q

_____ articular facet of the rib head articulates with the vertebra of the same number as rib.

A

Inferior

40
Q

The superior articular facet of the rib head articulates with the vertebra _____ (lower number).

A

above

41
Q

Crest of the rib HEAD attaches to the _____ ligament at most of the costovertebral joints.

A

Intra-articular ligament

42
Q

Crest of the rib NECK is the point of attachment for the _____ _____ ligament.

A

superior costotransverse ligament

43
Q

The Tubercle of the rib articulates with which part of the vertebra?

A

Transverse costal facet

44
Q

The Tubercle of the rib has an attachment site for _____ _____ ligaments.

A

Lateral costotransverse ligaments

45
Q

The Tubercle of the rib articulates with the _____ vertebra.

A

same numbered

46
Q

What is the DEPRESSION of the costal margin of the rib shaft called?

A

Costal groove

47
Q

Costal groove shelters what structures? (3)

A

Intercostal vein, artery and nerve

48
Q

What structure begins at the cup for the costal cartilage (anterior end of rib) and end at their sternal attachment?

A

Costal cartilages

49
Q

The costal cartilages _____ in length through the first seven ribs and then gradually _____ after the first seven.

A

Increase; decrease

50
Q

ATYPICAL RIBS- 1st rib:

Has an insertion for which 2 muscles?

A

Anterior scalene and middle scalene muscles

51
Q

ATYPICAL RIBS- 1st rib:

Has a single facet for articulation with only the __ vertebra.

A

T1

52
Q

ATYPICAL RIBS- 2nd rib:

Possesses tubercle for origin of which muscle?

A

Serratus anterior muscle

53
Q

ATYPICAL RIBS- 2nd rib:

Which muscle will insert here just medial to serratus anterior muscle?

A

Posterior scalene muscle

54
Q

The typical rib takes a _____ slope and then the cartilage takes an _____ slope.

A

downward; upward

55
Q

Which rib slopes downward throughout its entire course?

A

1st rib

56
Q

The sternal end of each arch lies at a _____ level than the vertebral end.

A

lower

57
Q

Both ribs and cartilages _____ in length progressively from the 1st to the 7th.

A

Increase

58
Q

Sternum is made up by 3 bones and 2 joints, what are they?

A
  • Bones: Manubrium, Body of sternum, and xiphoid process.

- Joints: Manubriosternal joint, and xiphisternal joint

59
Q

Manubrium is at the level of of the bodies

of ___ and ___ vertebrae.

A

T3 and T4

60
Q 
Jugular notch (suprasternal notch)
Clavicular notches are part of which structure?
A

Manubrium

61
Q

What is the joint classification of the 1st rib articulating with the manubrium? (Odd ball)

A

Sternocostal SYNCONDROSIS joint

62
Q

How many sternebra (gap between each rib attachment) does the sternum body have?

A

4

63
Q

Sternum body is located at what vertebrae levels?

A

T5-T9 (9-5=4 sternebra)

64
Q

The body of sternum is usually _____ and _____ in females than in males.

A

shorter; thinner

65
Q

What is the classification of Manubriosternal joint?

A

Secondary Cartilaginous joint

66
Q

What is the classification of Xiphisternal joint?

A

Primary cartilaginous joint

67
Q

What is Comminuted fracture?

A

When the sternum is broken into pieces.

68
Q

Most common site of sternal fracture is at the _____ _____.

A

Sternal angle (Angle of Luis)

69
Q

Mammary buds develop during the ___ week.

A

6th

70
Q

Only the _____ _____ ducts are formed at birth and the mammary glands remain underdeveloped until puberty.

A

main lactiferous

71
Q

The fibrous connective tissue and fat of the mammary gland develop from the surrounding _____. (Embryologically)

A

Mesenchyme

72
Q

Excessive development of the male mammary tissue is known as?

A

Gynecomastia

73
Q

An extra breast (polymastia) or nipple (polythelia) occurs in
about 1% of the female population. This is known as?

A

Supernumerary breasts and nipples

74
Q

Mammary glands are a modified and highly specialized type of _____ glands.

A

sweat

75
Q

Female breast: 2/3 rests on _____ _____fascia; 1/3 on fascia

covering the _____ _____.

A

deep pectoral; serratus anterior

76
Q

Between the breast and deep pectoral fascia is a loose connective tissue plane. What is this space known as?

A

Retromammary space

77
Q

The areola contains numerous _____ glands known as areolar glands or glands of Montgomery.

A

sebaceous (oil producing)

78
Q

Nipple (papilla mammae):

  • Lactiferous ducts open into the tips.
  • Mostly composed of circularly arranged _____ _____ fibers.
A

smooth muscle

79
Q

A LOBULE is a functional unit of the breast tissue which is drained by a single _____ duct and is separated from other lobules by suspensory ligaments.

A

lactiferous

80
Q

The ENLARGEMENT of the lactiferous duct proximal to its exit onto the papilla mammae. This structure is known as?

A

Lactiferous sinus

81
Q

FIBROUS BANDS which connect the skin overlying the breast with the superficial fascia, thus separating the glandular tissue into 15- 20 lobules. This structure is known as?

A

Suspensory ligaments (of Cooper)

82
Q

What is the innervation to the breast tissue?

A

4th to 6th intercostal nerves

83
Q

Most lymph from the breast drains to the _____ lymph nodes, initially to the PECTORAL (anterior) nodes.

A

AXILLARY

84
Q

The remaining lymph, particularly from the

medial quadrants, drains to the _____ nodes or to the OPPOSITE breast.

A

PARASTERNAL

85
Q

Lymph from the lower quadrants pass deeply to the _____ _____(abdominal) nodes.

A

INFERIOR PHRENIC

Viscera Midterm (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions