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DPT Anatomy 2 > Thoracic Spine > Flashcards

Thoracic Spine Flashcards

1
Q

Typical Vertabrae
Articulations

A

12 separate articulations:
* 4 Zygapophyseal
* 2 costotransverse
* 4 costovertebral
* 2 body -IV- body

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2
Q

Atypical Vertebrae
Articulations

A

T1: 1 demifacet, one full facet each side
* No rib above T1
T10: Single costal facet on each side
T11, T12: Single costal facet each side, non costotransverse joints

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3
Q

Ribs

A
  • Arc-shaped flat bones
  • Protect thoracic organs
  • Attachment points for muscles of the back, chest and upper arms
  • Divided into different groups based on structure articulated
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4
Q

True Ribs

A
  • First 7 pairs
  • Articulate directly with sternum through costal cartilages
  • Joints between ribs and cartilages called costochondral joints
  • Joints between cartilages and sternum called sternochondral joints
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5
Q

Costochondral joints

A

Joints between ribs and cartilages

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6
Q

Sternochondral joints

A

Joints between cartilages and sternum

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7
Q

False Ribs

A
  • Ribs 8, 9, 10
  • Unite anteriorly via costal cartilage from Rib 7
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8
Q

Floating Ribs

A
  • Ribs 11, 12
  • Do not attach to sternum
  • Short
  • Do not have neck or tubercle
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9
Q

Sternum

A

3 Parts
* Manubrium
* Body
* Xiphoid Process

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10
Q

Manubrium

A

Bony Landmarks
* Jugular Notch
* Clavicular Notch
* 1st Costal Notch
* 2nd Costal Notch

Articulates with 1st Rib and Clavicle to create Sternoclavicular Joint

Articulates with body of sternum with Manubriosternal Joint

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11
Q

Intervertebral Symphysis

A

Type: Cartilaginous joint; symphysis
**Ligaments: **
* Longitudial (Anterior/Posterior
* Ligamenta Flava
* Interspinous Ligaments
* Intertransverse Ligaments
* Suprapinous Ligaments

Innervation Sinuvertebral nerve
Movements Flexion, extenson, lateral flexion, axial rotation of vertebral column

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12
Q

Facet Joints
(Zygapophysial)

A

Type Synovial Plane, nonaxial, uniplaner
Innervation Sinuvertebral Nerve, Medial brance of posterior ramus of spinal nerve
Movements Flexion, extension, lateral flexion, rotation

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13
Q

Costocorporeal Joints

A

Type Synovial Plane
Articular Surfaces
* Costal demifacets on T1-T9
* Full Costal facets on T1, T10, T11, T12
* Heads of ribs 1-12

Movements
* Internal Rotation and elevation of head of rib

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14
Q

Costotransverse Joints

A

Type Synovial Plane
Articular Surfaces

  • Tubercle of ribs 1-10
  • Transverse Costal facets on Transverse Processes of # equivalent vertebrae

Movements
* 1-6: Internal rotation of neck of rib
* 7-10 Posteriomedial translation of neck of rib

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15
Q

Chostochondral Joints

A

Type Primary hyaline cartilaginou joint (synchondrosis); snathrosis
Articular Surfaces Sternal (medial) end of rib, lateral end of costal cartilage
Innervation Intercostal nerves
Movement None

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16
Q

Sternochondral Joints
(Sternocostal)

A

Type
* Joint 1: Primary cartilaginous joint (synchondrosis)
* Joint 2-7: Synovial planar joints, nonaxial, uniplanar

Articular Surfaces Sternal ends of costal cartilages of true ribs, costal notches on sternum

Innervation Intercostal nerve

Movement
Joint 1: almost no movement
Joints 2-7: Translation, mainly inferiorly

17
Q

Serratus Posterior Inferior

A

Serratus Posteiror Inferior
Extrinsic: Intermediate Later
Origin Inferior Aspect ribs 9-12
Insertion Spinous processes of T11-12 vertebrae
Innervation Anterior rami of T9-T12 spinal nerves
Action
* Depresses Ribs
* Aids in proprioception, rather than motor function
* Thin, weak, superficial respiratory muscle
* Deep to Latissimus dorsi

18
Q
A

Extrinsic: Intermediate Layer
Origin Nuchal Ligament, Spinous Process of vertebrae C7-T3
Insertion Superior Borders of ribs 2-5
Innervation Anterior rami of T2-T5 spinal nerves
Action Elevates ribs,
Thin, weak, superficial respiratory muscle

19
Q
A

Iliocostalis Thoracis
Deep Intrinsic: Intermediate - Erector Spinae
Origin Angle of ribs 7-12
Insertion Angles of ribs 1-6
Innervation Posterior Rami of spinal nerves
Action Bilateral contraction Extension of Spine
Unilateral Contraction Lateral flexion of spine (ipsilateral)

20
Q
A

Longissimus Thoracis
Deep Intrinsic: Intermediate - Erector Spinae
Origin
* Thoracic: Spinous and transverse processes of L1-L5, median sacral crest, posterior surface of sacrum, posterior Iliac crest
* Lumbar: Lumbar intermuscular aponeurosis, medial part of sacropelvic surface of ilium, Posterior sacroiliac ligament

Insertion
* Thoracic Transverse process of T1-T12, Angles of ribs 7-12
* Lumbar Accessory and transverse processes of L1-L5

Action
* Bilateral Contraction - Extension of Spine
* Unilateral Contraction - Lateral flexion of spine (ipsilateral)

21
Q

Spinalis Thoracis

A

Deep Intrinsic: Intermediate - Erector Spinae
Origin Spinous Process of T11-L2
Insertion Spinous Process of T2-T8 vertebrae
Innervation Posterior rami of spinal nerves
Action
* Bilateral Contraction - Extension of Thoracic Spine
* Unilateral Contraction - Ipsilateral lateral flexion of thoracic spine

22
Q

Semispinialis Thoracis

A

Deep Intrinsic: Transversospinalis Group
Origin Transverse process of T6-T10
Insertion Spinous process of vertebrae C6-T4
Innervation Posterior Rami of spinal nerves
Action
* Bilateral Contraction - Extension of Thoracic Spine
* Unilateral Contraction - Ipsilateral lateral flexion of thoracic spine, rotation of thoracic spine (contralateral)

23
Q

Multifidius

A

Deep Intrinsic: Transversospinalis Group
Origin Spinous process of C2-L5 vertebrae (2-5 levels above insertion)
Insertion Mammillary process of L1-L5 vertebrae, sacrum, iliac crest
Innervation Posterior Rami of spinal nerves
Action Stabilizes the spine

24
Q

Rotatores

A

Deep Intrinsic: Transversospinalis Group
*Origin Spinous Processes of lumbar vertebrae
Insertion Mammillary processes of lumbar vertebrae 2 levels down
Innervation Posterior Rami of spinal nerves
Action Stablize, extend, and rotate spine

25
Q

Posterior Primary Rami

A
  • Send cutaneous branches through superficial muscle layers.
  • Excessive tension in muscle may rub and strip myelin from cutaneious branches
  • May present as trigger points
26
Q

Motion of T Spine

A
  • Frontal - 20 degrees each side (lateral) 40-50 degrees total
  • Ribcage and sternum attachements limit ROM
  • T1-T12 total sagittal plane motion is
  • 16 degrees flexion
  • 20 degrees extension
27
Q

Motion at Ribs

A
  • Upper Ribs - Pump Handle - sagittal plane elevation
  • Lower Ribs - bucket handle - frontal plane flaring

DPT Anatomy 2 (5 decks)

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