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Anatomy > Thoracic Osteology And Wall Structure > Flashcards

Thoracic Osteology And Wall Structure Flashcards

1
Q

The 4 components of the thoracic cage?

A
  1. 12 thoracic vertebrae
  2. 12 PAIRS of Ribs and their costal cartilage
  3. Sternum
  4. Intercostal Muscles
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2
Q

Superior boundary of the thoracic cage?

A

4 things total

  1. First Thoracic vertebra
  2. First pair of ribs and costal cartilage
  3. Manubrium
  4. Smaller of the two opening
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3
Q

Inferior border of the thoracic cage?

A

4 things total

  1. 12th thoracic vertebra
  2. 12th pair of ribs and their cartilage
  3. Xiphisternal Joint
  4. Larger of the two openings
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4
Q

Bones of the thoracic cage

A

5 total

  1. Manubrium
  2. Sternum
  3. Xiphoid process
  4. Ribs
  5. Thoracic vertebrae
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5
Q

Where does the Manubrium articulate with the Sternum?

A

At the Manubriosternal Joint

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6
Q

Features of the Manubrium?

A
  1. Sup Jugular notch
  2. CONCAVE surfaces for clavicle
  3. Concave surfaces for first rib
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7
Q

What is the first rib that you can palpate?

Where is it located?

A

The second rib

At the Manubriosternal joint

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8
Q

Body of the Sternum

A
  • Made up of 4 FUSED Sternebrae
  • Ossification occurs during the 3rd trimester
  • Fused into a single bone in young adult
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9
Q

Xyphoid process

A
  • Fibrocartilage extension of sternum into abdominal musculature
  • Marks level SIX of Dermatome
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10
Q

The Sternum attaches to what ribs?

A

Ribs 2 - 10

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11
Q

The ribs are attached to the sternum by what?

A

Costal cartilage

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12
Q

What is the the Infrasternal Angle?

A
  • AKA Subcostal angle

- The lower opening of the thoracic cage

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13
Q

What forms the Infrasternal angle?

A
  • 12th Thoracic Vertebra (Behind)\
  • the 11th/12th ribs (Side)
  • the cartilages of the 7th-10th ribs (Front)
  • Xiphoid process (Top)
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14
Q

Ribs 1 - 7 are also known as what type of ribs?

A

Vertebrosternal

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15
Q

Ribs 8 - 10 are also known as what type of ribs?

A

Vertebrochodral ribs

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16
Q

Ribs 11 - 12 are also known as what type of ribs?

A

Vertebral (Floating) ribs

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17
Q

Main parts of a rib?

A
  • Head
  • Neck
  • Tubercle
  • Shaft
  • Costal cartilage
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18
Q

The tubercle articulates with what?

A

The transverse process of the vertebra of the same #

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19
Q

The costal groove on the shaft contains what?

A

(Sup to Inf)

  1. Intercostal Vein
  2. IC Artery
  3. IC Nerve

“VAN”

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20
Q

The Sternal end of each rib lies ____ than the vertebral end.

A

One level LOWER

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21
Q

What ribs are know as TYPICAL ribs?

A

Ribs 3 - 9

22
Q

Characteristics of the 1st Rib?

A
  • Flattened in a HORIZONTAL (Tansverse) plane
  • Scalene tubercle for Scalenus Ant.
  • Shallow groove for Subclavian VEIN (Anterior to tubercle)
  • Shallow groove for Subclavian ARTERY (Post. To tubercle)
23
Q

What vertebrae have Sup and Inf costal demifacets?

A

T2 - T9

24
Q

What is the first spinous process to be palpated?

A

C7

25
Q

What spinous process is the most prominent?

A

T1

26
Q

Why is T1 Atypical?

A

Has a Full superior costal facet

- Not a DEMI-facet

27
Q

Why is T10 Atypical?

A

Has one pair of costal facets located partly on BODY and Partly on the PEDICLE

28
Q

Why is T11/12 Atypical?

A

One pair of costal facets on the PEDICLES

29
Q

Characteristics of a “Typical” Rib articulation

A
  • Head articulates with demifacets of SAME # vertebra and the Vertebra ABOVE
    (As well as the intervertebral disc)
  • Tubercle articulates w/ the Transverse process of the SAME # vertebra
30
Q

Characteristics of the Sternal Angle?

A
  • Marks Rib 2

- Lies at Level T4-5 (IV Disc)

31
Q

Where can the AORTIC Valve heart sound be heard?

A

At the SECOND IC space on the RIGHT side of sternum

32
Q

Where can the PULMONARY Valve heart sound be heard?

A

At the SECOND IC space along the LEFT Side of the Sternum

33
Q

Where can the TRICUSPID Valve heart sound be heard?

A

THe FIFTH IC Space on the RIGHT side of the Sternum

34
Q

Where can the Bicuspid the Valve heart sound be heard?

A

The FIFTH IC space about 10cm to the LEFT of the Sternal midline

35
Q

Where is the bifurcation of the Trachea?

A

B/w Sternal angle and T4/T5 vertebral level

36
Q

Scapula in reference to the thorax

A
  • Scapular spine at 3rd rib and T2

- Inf scapular angle at 7th rib and T7. Or body of T9

37
Q

Infrasternal angle

A
  • Important in CPR
  • Depression b/w is the Infrasternal FOSSA
  • Xiphisternal Joint w/in the fossa is at T9
38
Q

How is the ANTERIOR Axillary line Formed?

A

By the Lower border of the Pectoralis MAJOR

39
Q

How is the POSTERIOR Axillary line Formed?

A

By the Tendon of the LATSSIMUS Dorsi

40
Q

Cutaneous innervation for

  1. Clavicle and Scapular region
  2. Upper Thorax
  3. Xiphoid process
  4. Lower Thorax
A
  1. C3-C4
  2. T1-T5
  3. T6
  4. T7-T12
41
Q

The Medial/Lateral pectoral nerves arise from where?

A

From the Medial/Lateral (respectively) cord of the BP

42
Q

The Proximal and Distal attachment of the Pectoralis Minor?

A

Prox: Ribs 3 - 5

Dist: Coracoid Process

43
Q

Prox/Dist attachments of the Serratus Ant.

A

Prox: Ribs 1 - 9

Dist: Ant Surface of the medial border of the scapula

44
Q

Blood supply of the Serratus Ant.

A

SUP thoracic and LAT thoracic arteries

45
Q

Innervation of the Serratus Ant.

A

Long thoracic nerve (C5-C7)

46
Q

The pectoral region is supplied by the _______ Artery?

A

Axillary

47
Q

The three muscle layers of the Thoracic Wall

A
  1. External IC
  2. Internal IC
  3. Innermost IC
48
Q

Tranversus Thoracis

A

4-5 slips that originate from the Inf. Sternum and extends Superolaterally to Internal surface of Upper Ribs

49
Q

Mammary glands are modifies ______?

A

Sweat glands

50
Q

What nerves innervate the mammary glands?

A

Intercostal Nerves 4-6

Anatomy (16 decks)

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