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Anatomy > Thoracic Cavity I: Mediastinum > Flashcards

Thoracic Cavity I: Mediastinum Flashcards

1
Q

Mediastinum

A

Space b/w the lungs

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2
Q

The Sup and Inf mediastinum are separated on the horizontal plane b/w what sections?

A
  • Sternal Angle

&

  • IV disc T4-T5
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3
Q

Subdivisions of the Sup. Mediastinum

A
  1. Retrosternal

2. Prevertebral

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4
Q

Subdivisions of the Inf. Mediastinum

A
  1. Anterior
  2. Middle
  3. Posterior
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5
Q

The Contents of the RETROSTERNAL portion of the Sup. Mediastinum?

A
  • The Great VESSELS and branches

- Thymus

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6
Q

The Contents of the PREVERTEBRAL portion of the Sup. Mediastinum?

A
  • Trachea
  • Esophagus
  • Thoracic duct
  • Sympathetic trunks
  • Vagus Nerves
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7
Q

The Contents of the ANTERIOR portion of the Inf. Mediastinum?

A
  • Thymus
  • Fat
  • Lymph nodes
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8
Q

The Contents of the MIDDLE portion of the Inf. Mediastinum?

A
  • Pericardium
  • Phrenic nerves
  • Heart and vessels
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9
Q

The Contents of the POSTERIOR portion of the Inf. Mediastinum?

A
  • Esophagus
  • Thoracic duct
  • Aorta and branches
  • Vagus nerve
  • Sympathetic trunk
  • Azygous system of veins
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10
Q

Innervation for the Thymus

A

Parasympathetic:
- Vagus nerve

Sympathetic:
- Cardiac plexus

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11
Q

Pericardium

A

Encloses the heart

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12
Q

Transverse Sinus

A

Space b/w ARTERIAL and VENOUS Mesocardium

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13
Q

Oblique Sinus

A

Space b/e Right and Left Pulmonary Veins

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14
Q

The pericardium is fused with what?

A

The Central Tendon of the DIAPHRAGM

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15
Q

Nerve supple of the Pericardium?

A
  • CN X
  • Phrenic Nerve
  • Sympathetic trunk
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16
Q

Positioning of the Esophagus

A
  • BEHIND the trachea
  • In FRONT of the Vertebral Column
  • To the RIGHT of the Thoracic aorta
17
Q

The Esophagus passes through the diaphragm at what level of the spinal cord?

A

T10 Level

18
Q

Thoracic Aorta

A
  • Continuation of the Aortic Arch
  • Begins at T4
  • Ends at DIAPHRAGM (T12)
19
Q

Azygous Vein

A
  • Formed BELOW the Diaphragm
  • Ascends along RIGHT side of the Thoracic vertebral column
  • Enters the SUPERIOR Vena Cava
20
Q

Azygous vein is formed by what?

A

The Union of the R. Ascending LUMBAR Vein and the R. SUBCOSTAL vein

21
Q

Hemiazygos Vein

A
  • Formed BELOW the Diaphragm
  • Pierces the Diaphragm
  • Ascends along LEFT side to T9
  • CROSSES vertebral body and dumps into he Azygos vein
22
Q

Diaphragmatic lymph nodes

A
  • Lie along the upper surface of the diaphragm

- receives lymph from the diaphragm, pericardium, and liver

23
Q

Post. Mediastinal Node

A

Lie along the esophagus and descending thoracic aorta

24
Q

Left Thoracic Duct

A
  1. Receives most of the Lymph from the body BELOW the Diaphragm
  2. Enters venous system at the jxn of
    - Left Int Jugular Vein
    - Left Subclavian
25
Q

Right Thoracic Duct

A
  1. Drains UPPER right thoracic Cavity, Extremity, Right side of the head and neck
  2. Empties into the jxn of
    - Right Int Jugular vein
    - Right Subclavian vein
26
Q

Tracheobronchial Lymph nodes

A
  • ~50

- Some of the LARGEST lymph nodes in the body

27
Q

The Vagus nerve runs parallel to the _____ as well as ____ it?

A
  • Esophagus

- Innervates

28
Q

The vagus nerves will eventually turn into what nerve?

A

Gastric nerve

29
Q

The R. Vagus Nerve goes to the ____ and the L. Vagus Nerve goes to the _____.

A
  • POSTERIOR Vagus Trunk
    (RP)
  • ANTERIOR Vagus Trunk
    (LA)
30
Q

Phrenic Nerves

A

Control the Diaphragm

31
Q

Crura

A

“Legs”

  • Muscular pillars of diaphragm
  • Right from L1 -L3
  • Left from L1 - L2
32
Q

Median Arcuate

A
  • Tendon around the OPENING of the AORTA

- Bridges the Ends the of the crura

33
Q

Sup. Fascia of the Diaphragm is known as what?

A

PARIETAL Fascia

34
Q

Inf. Fascia of the Diaphragm is known as what?

A

TRANSVERSALIS fascia

‘IT’

35
Q

Origins of the Diaphragm

  1. Sternal
  2. Costal
  3. Lumbar
A
  1. Xiphoid process
  2. Lower 6 RIBS and Cartialge
  3. Lumbar vertebra and Crura
36
Q

The three openings of the Diaphragm?

A
  1. Caval foramen
    (T8)
  2. Esopahgeal Hiatus
    (T10)
  3. Aortic Hiatus
    (T12)

Anatomy (16 decks)

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