Thoracic Cavity I: Mediastinum Flashcards
Mediastinum
Space b/w the lungs
The Sup and Inf mediastinum are separated on the horizontal plane b/w what sections?
- Sternal Angle
&
- IV disc T4-T5
Subdivisions of the Sup. Mediastinum
- Retrosternal
2. Prevertebral
Subdivisions of the Inf. Mediastinum
- Anterior
- Middle
- Posterior
The Contents of the RETROSTERNAL portion of the Sup. Mediastinum?
- The Great VESSELS and branches
- Thymus
The Contents of the PREVERTEBRAL portion of the Sup. Mediastinum?
- Trachea
- Esophagus
- Thoracic duct
- Sympathetic trunks
- Vagus Nerves
The Contents of the ANTERIOR portion of the Inf. Mediastinum?
- Thymus
- Fat
- Lymph nodes
The Contents of the MIDDLE portion of the Inf. Mediastinum?
- Pericardium
- Phrenic nerves
- Heart and vessels
The Contents of the POSTERIOR portion of the Inf. Mediastinum?
- Esophagus
- Thoracic duct
- Aorta and branches
- Vagus nerve
- Sympathetic trunk
- Azygous system of veins
Innervation for the Thymus
Parasympathetic:
- Vagus nerve
Sympathetic:
- Cardiac plexus
Pericardium
Encloses the heart
Transverse Sinus
Space b/w ARTERIAL and VENOUS Mesocardium
Oblique Sinus
Space b/e Right and Left Pulmonary Veins
The pericardium is fused with what?
The Central Tendon of the DIAPHRAGM
Nerve supple of the Pericardium?
- CN X
- Phrenic Nerve
- Sympathetic trunk
Positioning of the Esophagus
- BEHIND the trachea
- In FRONT of the Vertebral Column
- To the RIGHT of the Thoracic aorta
The Esophagus passes through the diaphragm at what level of the spinal cord?
T10 Level
Thoracic Aorta
- Continuation of the Aortic Arch
- Begins at T4
- Ends at DIAPHRAGM (T12)
Azygous Vein
- Formed BELOW the Diaphragm
- Ascends along RIGHT side of the Thoracic vertebral column
- Enters the SUPERIOR Vena Cava
Azygous vein is formed by what?
The Union of the R. Ascending LUMBAR Vein and the R. SUBCOSTAL vein
Hemiazygos Vein
- Formed BELOW the Diaphragm
- Pierces the Diaphragm
- Ascends along LEFT side to T9
- CROSSES vertebral body and dumps into he Azygos vein
Diaphragmatic lymph nodes
- Lie along the upper surface of the diaphragm
- receives lymph from the diaphragm, pericardium, and liver
Post. Mediastinal Node
Lie along the esophagus and descending thoracic aorta
Left Thoracic Duct
- Receives most of the Lymph from the body BELOW the Diaphragm
- Enters venous system at the jxn of
- Left Int Jugular Vein
- Left Subclavian
Right Thoracic Duct
- Drains UPPER right thoracic Cavity, Extremity, Right side of the head and neck
- Empties into the jxn of
- Right Int Jugular vein
- Right Subclavian vein
Tracheobronchial Lymph nodes
- ~50
- Some of the LARGEST lymph nodes in the body
The Vagus nerve runs parallel to the _____ as well as ____ it?
- Esophagus
- Innervates
The vagus nerves will eventually turn into what nerve?
Gastric nerve
The R. Vagus Nerve goes to the ____ and the L. Vagus Nerve goes to the _____.
- POSTERIOR Vagus Trunk
(RP) - ANTERIOR Vagus Trunk
(LA)
Phrenic Nerves
Control the Diaphragm
Crura
“Legs”
- Muscular pillars of diaphragm
- Right from L1 -L3
- Left from L1 - L2
Median Arcuate
- Tendon around the OPENING of the AORTA
- Bridges the Ends the of the crura
Sup. Fascia of the Diaphragm is known as what?
PARIETAL Fascia
Inf. Fascia of the Diaphragm is known as what?
TRANSVERSALIS fascia
‘IT’
Origins of the Diaphragm
- Sternal
- Costal
- Lumbar
- Xiphoid process
- Lower 6 RIBS and Cartialge
- Lumbar vertebra and Crura
The three openings of the Diaphragm?
- Caval foramen
(T8) - Esopahgeal Hiatus
(T10) - Aortic Hiatus
(T12)
