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pulmonary > thoracic cancers > Flashcards

thoracic cancers Flashcards

1
Q

3 types of non small cell lung cancer

A

1) adenocarcinoma
2) squamous cell carcinoma
3) large cell carcinoma

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2
Q

three types of adenocarcinoma

A

1) preinvasive
2) minimally invasive
3) invasive

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3
Q

what is the most frequent type of non small cell lung cancer

A

adenocarcinoma

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4
Q

what is the most common patient in adenocarcinoma

A

women and non-smokers

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5
Q

what is preinvasive adenocarcinoma called

A

adenocarcinoma in situ

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6
Q

what are the two types of adenocarcinoma in situ

A

nonmucinous and mucinous and then mixed

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7
Q

what is the most common type of AIS

A

nonmucinous

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8
Q

how invasive is minimally invasive adenocarcinoma

A

invasion into the stroma is less than 0.5 cm; no invasion into lymphovascular or pleural structures

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9
Q

how invasive is invasive adenocarcinoma

A

greater than 0.5 cm

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10
Q

what is the location of invasive adenocarcinoma

A

peripheral

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11
Q

what are the gross features of invasive adenocarcinoma

A

gray-white, firm, lobulated with scarring with pleural puckering

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12
Q

what are the three histologic patterns seen in invasive adenocarcinoma

A

1) acinar
2) papillary
3) solid (sheets of tumor cells with intracytoplasmic mucin)

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13
Q

what is the most common histology of lung cancer globally

A

squamous cell carcinoma

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14
Q

where is squamous cell carcinoma located

A

centrally

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15
Q

what two cancers have a strong association with smoking

A

squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma

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16
Q

histology of squamous cell carcinoma

A

1) keratinization
2) intracellular bridges (desmosomal attachments between cells)
3) cleared chromatin and prominent nucleoli

17
Q

location of large cell carcinoma

A

peripheral

18
Q

histology of large cell carcinoma

A

no glandular or squamous differentiation; sheets of cells
large cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm
prominent nucleoli and vesicular nuclear chromatin

19
Q

small cell carcinoma is _____ of lung tumors

A

15-20%

20
Q

location of small cell carcinoma

A

central mass with extensive hilar/mediastinal lymphadenopathy

21
Q

pathology of small cell carcinoma

A

high n/c ratio, nuclei with stippled (salt and pepper) chromatin, very mitotically active, “crush” artifacts (nuclear crowding)
high grade NE tumor

22
Q

low grade form of small cell carcinoma

A

carcinoid tumors

23
Q

location of carcinoid tumors

A

central (often causing obstructive sx)

24
Q

what do carcinoid tumors look like?

A

well-circumscribed, yellow or cherry red, fleshy, smooth surface

25
Q

histology of carcinoid tumors

A

can grow in multiple patterns, inc. nests, cords, and ribbons
round/ovoid/spindle shaped cells with uniform cell size

26
Q

what is the most common lung neoplasm?

A

metastasis to the lung

27
Q

when do we see pulmonary hamartoma

A

6-7th decade

28
Q

location of pulmonary hamartoma

A

peripheral and often asymptomatic

29
Q

popcorn calcification

A

gross description of pulmonary hamartoma

30
Q

is the pulmonary hamartoma benign or malignant

A

benign!

31
Q

mesenchymal tumor in the pleura

A

solitary fibrous tumor

32
Q

where do solitary fibrous tumors arise

A

most in the visceral pleura, but can arise in the lung

33
Q

gross pathology of solitary fibrous tumors

A

solitary, well-circumscribed, slow-growing, firm, whitish, whorled appearance

34
Q

histology of solitary fibrous tumors

A

patternless, has a mix of hypo cellular (less pink) and hyper cellular (more pink) areas

35
Q

two histologic types of malignant mesothelioma

A

epithelioid and sarcomatoid

36
Q

most common sign of mets to the pleura

A

pleural effusion

37
Q

most common anterior mediastinal lesion

A

thymoma

38
Q

most common middle mediastinal lesion

A

bronchogenic cyst

39
Q

most common posterior mediastinal lesion

A

nerve sheath tumor

pulmonary (4 decks)

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