Thoracic Angiology Flashcards
Ligamentum Arteriosum
- Fibrous cord that connects the aortic arch to the L pulmonary artery
- Embryological remnant of ductus arteriosus
Why is the Posterior Cusp of the Aorta called the non-coronary cusp?
Because there is no coronary artery arising from its sinus
Where does the descending aorta begin?
At the lower edge of T4
RCA Area of Distribution
- RA
- RV
- SA Node
- AV Node
- Interatrial Septum
- Partial LA
- Posteroinferior third of Interventricular Septum
- Portion of Posterior part of LV
LCA Area of Distribution
- LA
- LV
- Most of Interventricular Septum
- AV Bundle and Branches
Tributaries to the Coronary Sinus
- Great Cardiac Vein
- Small Cardiac Vein
- Middle Cardiac Vein
- Posterior Cardiac Vein
Anterior Veins of Right Ventricle (Anterior Cardiac Veins)
- Arise on anterior surface of right ventricle
- Cross the coronary sulcus and enter anterior wall of right atrium
Venae Cordis Minimae
Very small veins that drain directly into all chambers
Thoracic Aorta
- Begins at lower edge of T4
- Ends anterior to the lower edge of T12 as it passes thru the aortic hiatus posterior to the diaphram
- Branches: bronchial (2 on L, 1 on R), esophageal, pericardial, mediastinal, posterior intercostal, superior phrenic
Internal Thoracic Artery
- Paired arteries, deep to the ribs, on either side of the sternum
- Arise from the Subclavian A superiorly and ends inferiorly at the sixth intercostal space where it divides into Superior Epigastric and Musculophrenic arteries
Branches of Internal Thoracic Artery
- Pericardiacophrenic
- Anterior Intercostal
- Anterior Perforating
Arterial Supply of the Pericardium
Mainly from the Pericardiacophrenic, but does get smaller contributions from:
- Musculophrenic
- Bronchial
- Esophageal
- Superior Phrenic
- Coronary
Important collateral channel capable of returning venous blood to the heart from lower part of body if the IVC is blocked:
Azygos system of Veins
Azygos Vein is located on the __ side of the body
RIGHT
Hemiazygos Veins located on the ___ side of the body
LEFT
What two veins come together to form the Superior Vena Cava?
Right and Left Brachiocephalic Veins
Thoracic Duct
- Largest lymphatic channel in the body
- Conveys most lymph of the body to the venous system: that from the lower limbs, pelvic cavity, abdominal cavity, L upper limb, L side of thorax/head/neck — essentially drains lymphatic system from below diaphragm and left side of thoracic wall
Lymphatic Drainage of the Heart
- Lymphatic vessels follow the coronary arteries
- Drainage empties into the Brachiocephalic and Tracheobronchial Nodes
Lymphatic Drainage of the Lungs
- Drain directly to the Bronchopulmonary Nodes then drain into the Tracheobronchial Nodes then drain into the Bronchomediastinal Trunks
- Bronchomediastinal Trunks continue superiorly and empty into the venous system at the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian veins
What are the major lymph conduits draining thoracic viscera?
Right and Left bronchomediastinal lymph trunks
Venous Angles
Junction of internal jugular and subclavian veins where lymph drains
Lymph from Parietal Pleura drains into:
Lymph nodes of Thoracic Wall
Lymph Nodes of Thoracic Wall
- Intercostal
- Parasternal
- Mediastinal
- Phrenic
Subpleural Lymphatic Plexus
- Located deep to visceral pleura
- Drains lung parenchyma and visceral pleura
- Drain into bronchopulmonary lymph nodes
