Thoracic and Pulmonary Anatomy Flashcards
Number of ribs
12
True ribs
Ribs 1-7
Articulate directly with sternum
False Ribs
Ribs 8-10
Articulate with costal cartilage
Floating ribs
Ribs 11-12
No anterior articulations (floating)
Rib that articulates with manubrial sternal junction (Angle of Louis)
2nd rib
Structures inserting on OR arising from the 2nd rib
- Posterior scalene muscle (inserts onto 2nd rib)
- Pectoralis major muscle (arises from 2nd rib)
Caval hiatus (level and structures passing through)
- Level T8
- Structures
- IVC
- Right phrenic nerve
Esophageal hiatus (level and structures)
- Level T10
- Structures
- Esophagus
- Anterior (left) vagus nerve
- Posterior (right) vagus nerve
Aortic hiatus (level and structures)
- Level T12
- Structures
- Aorta
- Azygous vein
- Thoracic duct
Course of sympathetic trunk
Runs posterior to diaphragm along lateral aspect of vertebral column
Thoracic inlet relationships of vessels and nerves
- Anterior to Anterior Scalene muscle
- Subclavian vein (over first rib, beneath clavicle)
- Between Anterior and Middle Scalene muscle
- Subclavian artery (over first rib, beneath clavicle)
- Brachial plexus
Nerve that descends on anterior surface of Ant Scalene m
Phrenic n
Chest wall muscles utilized for tissue coverage
- Pectoralis major (pectoralis branch of thoracoacromial artery)
- Latissimus dorsi (thoracodorsal artery)
- Serratus anterior (lateral thoracic artery)
- Pedicaled intercostal muscle
- Rectus abdominus for TRAM flap (superior epigastric artery)
- Not appropriate if ipsilateral IMA has been harvested for CABG
Average length of the trachea?
Number of cartilagenous rings of trachea?
10-11 cm
17-21 incomple anterior cartilagenous rings
Blood supply to trachea
Inferior thyroid artery (anastomotic arcade on posterolateral aspect of trachea)