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OPP > Thoracic and Lumbar ME > Flashcards

Thoracic and Lumbar ME Flashcards

1
Q

Fryette’s principle 1

A

when spine neutral, rotation and sidebending in opposite directions

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2
Q

Fryette’s principle 2

A

when spine is flexed or extended (beyond neutral), rotation and sidebending of at least one segment will be to same side

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3
Q

Fryette’s principle 3

A

initiation of motion in any one plane will modify motion in the other 2 planes

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4
Q

type I dysfunction

A

sidebending first, then rotation

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5
Q

type II dysfunction

A

rotation first, then sidebending

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6
Q

how are dysfunctions named

A

position of anterior aspect of superior bone in relation to inferior bone

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7
Q

facet angles cervical spine

A

backward, upward, medial, 60 degrees

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8
Q

characteristics of thoracic vertebra

A

bodies are heart shaped, spinous processes are longer and caudally directed

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9
Q

levels of greater splanchnics

A

T5-T9

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10
Q

levels of lesser splanchnics

A

T10, T11

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11
Q

levels of least splanchnics

A

T12

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12
Q

levels of lumbar splanchnics

A

L1-L2

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13
Q

spinal reflex level of the heart

A

T1-T5

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14
Q

spinal reflex level of the stomach

A

greater splanchnic

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15
Q

spinal reflex level of the liver and gallbladder

A

T6-T9

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16
Q

spinal reflex levels of the pancreas

A

T5-T11

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17
Q

spinal reflex level of the small intestine

A

T9-T11

18
Q

spinal reflex level of the colon and rectum

A

T8-L2

19
Q

spinal reflex level of the kidney and ureters

A

T10-L1

20
Q

spinal reflex level of the bladder

A

T10-L1

21
Q

spinal reflex level of the ovary and fallopian tubes

A

T9-T10

22
Q

spinal reflex level of the testicle and epididymis

A

T9-T10, L1-L2

23
Q

spinal reflex level of the uterus

A

T10-L1

24
Q

describe the innervation of vertebrae

A
  1. nerves have branches to periosteum and the medullary branch
  2. both myelinated and unmyelinated
  3. both sympathetics and parasympathetics
25
Q

where does the medullary branch run

A

next to medullary artery through nutrient foramen into center of bone marrow

26
Q

what do the vertebral nerves innervate

A

carry sympathetics and parasympathetics to

  1. vascular supply
  2. sinusoidal parts and parenchymal elements where hematopoiesis occurs
27
Q

relationship of myelination and hematopoiesis

A

completes before hematopoiesis, indicates that there is a relationship to the generation of stem cells

28
Q

what is spinal facilitation

A

a spinal cord segment in which the activity of the interneuronal pool has been altered from its normal activity

29
Q

what makes up the interneuronal pool

A

different types of interneurons like alpha and beta afferent

30
Q

what makes up a spinal cord segment

A

1/2 a vertebra superior and 1/2 a vertebra inferior

31
Q

where is the ventral root derived from

A

ventral portion of neural tube

32
Q

primary efferent fibers

A

ventral root

33
Q

primary afferent fibers

A

dorsal root

34
Q

type of fiber is ventral root

A

motor primary efferent fibers

35
Q

type of fiber is dorsal root

A

sensory primary afferent fibers

36
Q

where is dorsal root derived from

A

neural crest cells migrating away from dorsal ridge

37
Q

embryology of neural tube

A

has NO longitudinal differentiation, is homogenous, has dorsal and ventral sides (dorsal is toward skin)

38
Q

what is the spinal nerve

A

combination of dorsal and ventral roots at the level of an intervertebral disc

39
Q

what is a somite

A

repetitive segments that give rise to dermatomes, myotomes, and sclerotomes

40
Q

what occurs with a lack of longitudinal segmentation

A

allows for spread of information above and below for several segments

41
Q

describe alpha afferent sensory fibers

A
  1. encapsulated endings
  2. large
  3. myelinated
  4. low threshold for activation (easily activated)
  5. touch and proprioception
  6. line labeled
42
Q

describe beta afferent sensory fibers

A
  1. non-encapsulated endings
  2. small
  3. lightly or unmyelinated
  4. activated by noxious stimuli (pain) in soma or viscera
  5. general adaptive response
  6. frequency coded (rate coded)

OPP (3 decks)

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