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Hist 215 > Third exam > Flashcards

Third exam Flashcards

1
Q

Honshu

A

Largest island of Japan geographically and population wise

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2
Q

Jomon

A

This culture thrived from the 11th to the 4th centuries B.C.E. and left behind several artifacts, including pottery with cord patterns

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3
Q

Doug

A

Small female humanoid and animal figurines made during the latter part of the Jomon period Of prehistoric Japan

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4
Q

Yayoi

A

The result of immigration into Japan from Northern China through the Korean Peninsula. Brought several developments: agriculture, bronze and iron, and a new religion that develops into Shinto

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5
Q

Yamato

A

Culture that arose in the south of Honshu island, the richest agricultural region in Japan. Military advancements including horses and large scale manufacturing of bronze and iron implements

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6
Q

Prince Shotoku

A

Wrote the first Japanese constitution based on Confucian and Buddhist principles, called the Seventeen Article Constitution

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7
Q

Haniwa

A

Terra-cotta clay figures that were made for ritual use in buried with the dead as funeral objects

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8
Q

Kanji

A

Adopted logographic Chinese characters for Japanese writing

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9
Q

Kojiki

A

Various myths woven together into a story of the divine ancestry of the Yamato ancestors

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10
Q

Nihongi

A

Chronicles of Japan, one of the first comprehensive texts of Japan

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11
Q

Kami

A

The center of Shinto practices: the spirits, forces, powers or divinities

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12
Q

Izanami and Izanagi

A

Gods of the Shinto religion who are believed to have created the islands of Japan and given birth to many of the other Shinto gods or Kami

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13
Q

Yomi

A

Where the dead go in the afterlife

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14
Q

Susano-o

A

Kami of the sea and storms, Brother of Amaterasu

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15
Q

Amaterasu

A

Goddess of the sun, The most important deity of the Shinto religion and ruler of the domain of the Kami

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16
Q

Bunrei

A

Dividing of the spirit, praying to a shrine in one location to send that divine presence to another location

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17
Q

Jinja

A

Shinto shrine whose purpose is to house one or more kami

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18
Q

Ise Shrine

A

Shinto shrine dedicated to the sun goddess Amaterasu

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19
Q

Fushimi-Inari

A

Shrine in the mountains where , at the top, there is a huge torii with mirror at the end to reflect into oneself

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20
Q

Itsukushima Shrine

A

Best known for its floating torii gate, in Hiroshima

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21
Q

Goshintai

A

Sacred body of the kami, objects worshipped at shrines in which the kami reside

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22
Q

Kannushi

A

Person responsible for the maintenance of the Shinto shrine

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23
Q

Torii

A

Gated without fences, bad luck to not walk through it

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24
Q

Shimenawa

A

Fat, twisted, flattened rope that hangs over the torii that acts as a purification if the body and mind to become more kami

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25
Q

Misogi

A

Purification rituals, going to a temple or a waterfall and standing beneath it to cleanse

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26
Q

Matsuri

A

Japenese festival or holiday

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27
Q

Tama

A

Benevolence

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28
Q

Nigimatama

A

Refine nature or peaceful powers of nature

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29
Q

Aramitama

A

Violent, destructive, aggressive and fearful powers of nature

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30
Q

Shikoku Henro

A

Pilgrims travel the 700 mile 88, following the path of the Buddhist scholar monk Kobo Daishi

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31
Q

Goma ritual

A

Fire ceremony that has origins in India, before the time of the Buddha. Pilgrims offer prayers to deities and experience cleansing

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32
Q

Oda Nobunaga

A

Daimyo that ended a long period of feudal wars by unifying half of the provinces in japan under his rule

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33
Q

Hideyoshi

A

Completed military unification of the country and undertook two invasions of Korea in the age of the provincial wars

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34
Q

Ieyasu

A

Founder of the Tokugawa, decided to rule from a new capital, Tokyo

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35
Q

Tokugawa shogunate

A

Last feudal Japanese military government , head of government was the shogun, and each was a member of the Tokugawa clan

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36
Q

Shogun

A

Military director of japan during the feudal period

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37
Q

Daimyo

A

Japanese feudal lords with vast land holdings

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38
Q

Francis Xavier

A

Played key role in the early spread of Christianity in japan

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39
Q

Satori

A

Awakening: comprehension, understanding

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40
Q

Kensho

A

Seeing into ones true nature

Ken means “seeing”
Sho means “nature” or “essence”

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41
Q

Koan

A

Puzzles constructed by the abbot to aid in coming to realization

42
Q

Zazen

A

Sitting meditation

43
Q

Sanzen

A

Private interview between student and master, often centering on the students grasp of an assigned koan

44
Q

Bushido

A

The code of honor and morals developed by the Japanese samurai

45
Q

Samurai

A

Warriors; later made up the ruling military class that eventually became the highest ranking social caste of the Edo period

46
Q

Ronin

A

Wandering samurai who had no lord or master

47
Q

Sakura

A

Flowering cherry blossom tree

48
Q

Hanami

A

Tradition of welcoming spring; AKA cherry blossom festival

Celebration about appreciating the temporal beauty of nature

49
Q

Seppuku/harakiri

A

Ritual suicide/beheading of the samurai

50
Q

Haiku

A

3 line open with 17 syllables, written in 5/7/5 syllable count

Focus on images from nature, emphasizes simplicity, intensity and directness of expression

51
Q

Renga

A

Poetry written by more than one author working together

52
Q

Uta-makura

A

Poetic words that allow for greater allusions and intertextuality across Japanese poems

53
Q

Edo

A

Former name of Tokyo

54
Q

To stink of zen

A

Trying to be too pious, righteous and when we fall into the trap of being inhumanly good

55
Q

Tsubo stone marker

A

Nameplate at the entrance of a zen garden

56
Q

Tea ceremony

A

Meditative experience to be fully living in the moment

57
Q

Sen Rikyu

A

Historical figure with influence on the Japanese tea ceremony

58
Q

Enso

A

Sacred symbol in Zen Buddhism meaning circle or circle of togetherness

59
Q

Hakuin

A

Zen teacher and artist who revived the Rinzai schools, refocusing it on traditionally rigorous training methods incorporating meditation and koan practice

60
Q

Great Bodhisattva of Hell

A

Committed to delivering the dead from the torments of hell

61
Q

Inka

A

Formal confirmation of a students awakening by his master

62
Q

Hotei

A

7 Gods fi Fortune are believed to grant good luck and often have their place in engravings or other representations

63
Q

Otafuku

A

Represents a lovely, always smiling Japanese woman who brings happiness and good fortune to any man she married

64
Q

Precious mirror cave

A

Reflects all thibgs as they truly and naturally are without any distortion or lacking

Simple reflection of you and of the world

65
Q

Amida

A

Principal Buddha in Pure Land Buddhism

66
Q

Nembutsu

A

Recitation of The name of the Amitabha Buddha

67
Q

Pure Land

A

Buddhism built on the belief that we will never had a world which is not corrupt, so we must strive for rebirth in another plane, referred to at the pure land

68
Q

Chanoyu

A

Japanese tea ceremony

69
Q

Kyudo

A

Zen archery

70
Q

Karensansui

A

A dry garden formation

71
Q

Bonsai

A

Potted trees that take decades to grow by twisting of the branches

72
Q

Ishidoro

A

Lantern lit for special holy days

73
Q

Mono no aware

A

Having An empathy towards things

74
Q

Wabi-sabi

A

Japanese perspective that permeated aesthetic strategies; a beauty that if passing away or full of emptiness

Three principles: nothing lasts, nothing is finished and nothing is perfect

Embodiment of the first noble truth, that life is suffering

75
Q

Kado

A

Form of Japanese art that involves an arrangement of a variety of plants

76
Q

Meiji

A

Political revolution in late 1800s that brought about the final demise of the Tokugawa shogunate , ending the Edo period

77
Q

Manchuria

A

Japan created an incident by bombing some bridges in this state so that the Japanese could invade saying that the opposing state was acting aggressively

78
Q

Tripartite Pact

A

Alliance between Germany Italy and japan in 1940

79
Q

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

A

Two cities nuclear bombed by the US in WWII

80
Q

Oe Kezaburo

A

Author who wrote about nuclear weapons and power, awarded Nobel for creating an imagined world where life and myth condense to form a disconcerting picture of the human predicament today

81
Q

Hideki Tojo

A

Politician and general of the Imperial Japanese Army who serves as prime minister of japan and president of the Imperial Rule Assistance Association for majority of WWII

82
Q

SCAP

A

Title held by General Douglas MacArthur during the allied occupation of japan following WWII

83
Q

Hirohito

A

Japan’s longest reigning emperor

Controversial hours who annouced Japan’s surrender to the Allied Forces in 1945

84
Q

Akihito

A

Most recent emperor of japan since 1989

85
Q

Naruhito

A

Current emperor of japan

86
Q

Shinzo Abe

A

Prime minister of Japan

87
Q

Zaibatsu

A

Industrial and financial business conglomerates in Empire of Japan

88
Q

Keiretsu

A

Set of companies with interlocking business relationships and shareholding’s

89
Q

Asian tigers

A

Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore and Taiwan

90
Q

Garbage Island

A

Artificial island built using landfil waste

91
Q

Minamata Disease

A

Those who ate fish from the bay suffered from mercury poisoning

92
Q

Ebola Gay

A

Bomber that dropped the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki

93
Q

A-Bomb Done

A

One of the few buildings left standing in Hiroshima after the bomb hit, probably because it was directly under where the bomb hit in the air

94
Q

Children’s Peace Monumeny

A

To remember the children who died in the bombing or after from disease

95
Q

Sadako Sasaki

A

Two years old when exposed to bomb radiation and later diagnosed with Lukemia

96
Q

Senbazuru

A

Tradition of origami

If you wish for long life, gold a thousand paper cranes as prayer

97
Q

Hibakusha

A

Explosion affected people

98
Q

Niju hibakusha

A

Survivors of the bombing

99
Q

Hibaku jizu

A

Praying for young people who’ve died for Jizu (bodhisattva connected to death) to protect them in death

100
Q

Ginko tree

A

Symbol of fall in japan

101
Q

Mass for Dead Insects

A

Farmers make rice dumplings for the dead insects harmed in farming to as not to attract bad karma

Hist 215 (2 decks)

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