Third exam Flashcards
Honshu
Largest island of Japan geographically and population wise
Jomon
This culture thrived from the 11th to the 4th centuries B.C.E. and left behind several artifacts, including pottery with cord patterns
Doug
Small female humanoid and animal figurines made during the latter part of the Jomon period Of prehistoric Japan
Yayoi
The result of immigration into Japan from Northern China through the Korean Peninsula. Brought several developments: agriculture, bronze and iron, and a new religion that develops into Shinto
Yamato
Culture that arose in the south of Honshu island, the richest agricultural region in Japan. Military advancements including horses and large scale manufacturing of bronze and iron implements
Prince Shotoku
Wrote the first Japanese constitution based on Confucian and Buddhist principles, called the Seventeen Article Constitution
Haniwa
Terra-cotta clay figures that were made for ritual use in buried with the dead as funeral objects
Kanji
Adopted logographic Chinese characters for Japanese writing
Kojiki
Various myths woven together into a story of the divine ancestry of the Yamato ancestors
Nihongi
Chronicles of Japan, one of the first comprehensive texts of Japan
Kami
The center of Shinto practices: the spirits, forces, powers or divinities
Izanami and Izanagi
Gods of the Shinto religion who are believed to have created the islands of Japan and given birth to many of the other Shinto gods or Kami
Yomi
Where the dead go in the afterlife
Susano-o
Kami of the sea and storms, Brother of Amaterasu
Amaterasu
Goddess of the sun, The most important deity of the Shinto religion and ruler of the domain of the Kami
Bunrei
Dividing of the spirit, praying to a shrine in one location to send that divine presence to another location
Jinja
Shinto shrine whose purpose is to house one or more kami
Ise Shrine
Shinto shrine dedicated to the sun goddess Amaterasu
Fushimi-Inari
Shrine in the mountains where , at the top, there is a huge torii with mirror at the end to reflect into oneself
Itsukushima Shrine
Best known for its floating torii gate, in Hiroshima
Goshintai
Sacred body of the kami, objects worshipped at shrines in which the kami reside
Kannushi
Person responsible for the maintenance of the Shinto shrine
Torii
Gated without fences, bad luck to not walk through it
Shimenawa
Fat, twisted, flattened rope that hangs over the torii that acts as a purification if the body and mind to become more kami
Misogi
Purification rituals, going to a temple or a waterfall and standing beneath it to cleanse
Matsuri
Japenese festival or holiday
Tama
Benevolence
Nigimatama
Refine nature or peaceful powers of nature
Aramitama
Violent, destructive, aggressive and fearful powers of nature
Shikoku Henro
Pilgrims travel the 700 mile 88, following the path of the Buddhist scholar monk Kobo Daishi
Goma ritual
Fire ceremony that has origins in India, before the time of the Buddha. Pilgrims offer prayers to deities and experience cleansing
Oda Nobunaga
Daimyo that ended a long period of feudal wars by unifying half of the provinces in japan under his rule
Hideyoshi
Completed military unification of the country and undertook two invasions of Korea in the age of the provincial wars
Ieyasu
Founder of the Tokugawa, decided to rule from a new capital, Tokyo
Tokugawa shogunate
Last feudal Japanese military government , head of government was the shogun, and each was a member of the Tokugawa clan
Shogun
Military director of japan during the feudal period
Daimyo
Japanese feudal lords with vast land holdings
Francis Xavier
Played key role in the early spread of Christianity in japan
Satori
Awakening: comprehension, understanding
Kensho
Seeing into ones true nature
Ken means “seeing”
Sho means “nature” or “essence”
Koan
Puzzles constructed by the abbot to aid in coming to realization
Zazen
Sitting meditation
Sanzen
Private interview between student and master, often centering on the students grasp of an assigned koan
Bushido
The code of honor and morals developed by the Japanese samurai
Samurai
Warriors; later made up the ruling military class that eventually became the highest ranking social caste of the Edo period
Ronin
Wandering samurai who had no lord or master
Sakura
Flowering cherry blossom tree
Hanami
Tradition of welcoming spring; AKA cherry blossom festival
Celebration about appreciating the temporal beauty of nature
Seppuku/harakiri
Ritual suicide/beheading of the samurai
Haiku
3 line open with 17 syllables, written in 5/7/5 syllable count
Focus on images from nature, emphasizes simplicity, intensity and directness of expression
Renga
Poetry written by more than one author working together
Uta-makura
Poetic words that allow for greater allusions and intertextuality across Japanese poems
Edo
Former name of Tokyo
To stink of zen
Trying to be too pious, righteous and when we fall into the trap of being inhumanly good
Tsubo stone marker
Nameplate at the entrance of a zen garden
Tea ceremony
Meditative experience to be fully living in the moment
Sen Rikyu
Historical figure with influence on the Japanese tea ceremony
Enso
Sacred symbol in Zen Buddhism meaning circle or circle of togetherness
Hakuin
Zen teacher and artist who revived the Rinzai schools, refocusing it on traditionally rigorous training methods incorporating meditation and koan practice
Great Bodhisattva of Hell
Committed to delivering the dead from the torments of hell
Inka
Formal confirmation of a students awakening by his master
Hotei
7 Gods fi Fortune are believed to grant good luck and often have their place in engravings or other representations
Otafuku
Represents a lovely, always smiling Japanese woman who brings happiness and good fortune to any man she married
Precious mirror cave
Reflects all thibgs as they truly and naturally are without any distortion or lacking
Simple reflection of you and of the world
Amida
Principal Buddha in Pure Land Buddhism
Nembutsu
Recitation of The name of the Amitabha Buddha
Pure Land
Buddhism built on the belief that we will never had a world which is not corrupt, so we must strive for rebirth in another plane, referred to at the pure land
Chanoyu
Japanese tea ceremony
Kyudo
Zen archery
Karensansui
A dry garden formation
Bonsai
Potted trees that take decades to grow by twisting of the branches
Ishidoro
Lantern lit for special holy days
Mono no aware
Having An empathy towards things
Wabi-sabi
Japanese perspective that permeated aesthetic strategies; a beauty that if passing away or full of emptiness
Three principles: nothing lasts, nothing is finished and nothing is perfect
Embodiment of the first noble truth, that life is suffering
Kado
Form of Japanese art that involves an arrangement of a variety of plants
Meiji
Political revolution in late 1800s that brought about the final demise of the Tokugawa shogunate , ending the Edo period
Manchuria
Japan created an incident by bombing some bridges in this state so that the Japanese could invade saying that the opposing state was acting aggressively
Tripartite Pact
Alliance between Germany Italy and japan in 1940
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Two cities nuclear bombed by the US in WWII
Oe Kezaburo
Author who wrote about nuclear weapons and power, awarded Nobel for creating an imagined world where life and myth condense to form a disconcerting picture of the human predicament today
Hideki Tojo
Politician and general of the Imperial Japanese Army who serves as prime minister of japan and president of the Imperial Rule Assistance Association for majority of WWII
SCAP
Title held by General Douglas MacArthur during the allied occupation of japan following WWII
Hirohito
Japan’s longest reigning emperor
Controversial hours who annouced Japan’s surrender to the Allied Forces in 1945
Akihito
Most recent emperor of japan since 1989
Naruhito
Current emperor of japan
Shinzo Abe
Prime minister of Japan
Zaibatsu
Industrial and financial business conglomerates in Empire of Japan
Keiretsu
Set of companies with interlocking business relationships and shareholding’s
Asian tigers
Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore and Taiwan
Garbage Island
Artificial island built using landfil waste
Minamata Disease
Those who ate fish from the bay suffered from mercury poisoning
Ebola Gay
Bomber that dropped the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
A-Bomb Done
One of the few buildings left standing in Hiroshima after the bomb hit, probably because it was directly under where the bomb hit in the air
Children’s Peace Monumeny
To remember the children who died in the bombing or after from disease
Sadako Sasaki
Two years old when exposed to bomb radiation and later diagnosed with Lukemia
Senbazuru
Tradition of origami
If you wish for long life, gold a thousand paper cranes as prayer
Hibakusha
Explosion affected people
Niju hibakusha
Survivors of the bombing
Hibaku jizu
Praying for young people who’ve died for Jizu (bodhisattva connected to death) to protect them in death
Ginko tree
Symbol of fall in japan
Mass for Dead Insects
Farmers make rice dumplings for the dead insects harmed in farming to as not to attract bad karma
