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RPSGT > Third 50 > Flashcards

Third 50 Flashcards

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1
Q

The fall time constant is also called…?

A

Signal decay

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2
Q

A good way to decrease current leakage is…?

A

Use shorter power cords

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3
Q

Which channel type produces a square calibration wave?

A

DC channel (SpO2)

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4
Q

Which device receives and transmits signals from 0 to 1 volt?

A

DC amplifier

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5
Q

What respiratory effort device uses coiled bands that are stretched during respiration?

A

Inductive plethysmograph

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6
Q

A time constant of 1 second is equal to an LFF setting of …?

A

0.16 Hz

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7
Q

Amperes are measured in ….?

A

Coulombs / second (frequency reading)

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8
Q

When electrical signals from external sources interfere with signals derived from the patient, this is referred to as…?

A

Stray capacitance

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9
Q

Which parameters does EtCO2 detect?

A

Airflow, SpO2, exhaled CO2

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10
Q

What is the danger of using two ground wires on a piece of diagnostic equipment?

A

Electric shock

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11
Q

Which device produces its own electricity?
Thermister, Oximeter, Piezo-electric crystal band, Actigraph

A

Piezo-electric crystal band

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12
Q

The positioning of the pens along the horizontal plane is called…?

A

Time axis

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13
Q

What is seen in the transition from wake to N1 sleep?

A

Slow eye movements, some epileptiform activity, low voltage mixed-frequency EEG

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14
Q

What is seen in relaxed wakefulness with eyes OPEN?

A

low-voltage mixed frequency EEG, elevated chin EMG, Rapid eye movement / blinks

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15
Q

What is seen in relaxed wakefulness with the eyes CLOSED?

A

Elevated chin EMG, Alpha rhythm, slow rolling eye movements

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16
Q

What is the frequency of alpha waves?

A

8-13 Hz

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17
Q

What is the frequency of theta waves?

A

4-7 Hz

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18
Q

What are characteristics of N1 sleep?

A

Low voltage mixed EEG, slow rolling eyes, normally active chin EMG

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19
Q

How does hypoventilation present?

A

Slight reduction in airflow for an extended period of time

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20
Q

If a patient has OSA and the obstruction is at the nasal passages, what would be most appropriate?

A

Surgery

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21
Q

What are characteristics of Cheyne-Stokes?

A

Cyclic SpO2 decreases, Respiration improves during REM, Waxing and waning pattern in airflow and effort channels

22
Q

What is a normal base excess?

A

-2.5 to 2.5

23
Q

What is a normal Hb level ?

A

15-20

24
Q

What is a normal PO2 level?

A

Greater than 57

25
Q

What is the main difference between SaO2 and SpO2?

A

How they are detected

26
Q

In most sleepers what happens to the chin EMG at sleep onset?

A

The amplitude decreases

27
Q

What is the required desaturation for a hypopnea with 50% or greater decrease in airflow?

A

3%

28
Q

What is the required duration of an apnea?

A

10 seconds

29
Q

Characteristics of patients with hypoxic drive:

A

Breathe based on O2 levels rather than CO2 levels and typically do not respond well to PAP.

30
Q

What is a type of lead not used during MSLT?

A

Leg leads

31
Q

What is the mean sleep latency for MSLT?

A

All sleep onset times added, then divided by the number of them (4-5 naps during the day)

32
Q

What is the mode sleep latency for MSLT?

A

The mode is the time that occurs most frequently.

33
Q

What is the median sleep latency for MSLT?

A

Place the numbers in numerical order and it is the one in the middle

34
Q

How long should naps last in MSLT (lights on)?

A

15 minutes AFTER sleep onset

35
Q

What is an MWT?

A

Maintenance of Wakefulness testing

36
Q

If a patient does not enter REM during the first four naps of MSLT, what should be done?

A

Allow the pt to go home unless protocol says otherwise

37
Q

What percentage of sleep is N2 in normal, healthy adults?

A

About 50%

38
Q

What is known as the Circadian Rhythm Oscillator ?

A

Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

39
Q

How many minutes is the length of the average human sleep cycle?

A

90 minutes

40
Q

When is physiological sleepiness in adults the highest?

A

Afternoon

41
Q

What happens to blood pressure in REM?

A

BP increases during REM sleep

42
Q

Why is REM also called paradoxical sleep?

A

The body is paralyzed although the EEG resembles a waking pattern

43
Q

In which age group are nocturnal sleep / daytime alertness usually at optimal levels?

A

Children

44
Q

What occurs in aging adults re: sleep?

A

Decreased N3 sleep, Changes in REM sleep, Decreased REM latency and sleep latency.

45
Q

Is blood pressure stable during REM?

A

No, it actually goes up

46
Q

What is the narcolepsy tetrad?

A

excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), cataplexy, hypnagogic hallucinations, and sleep paralysis

47
Q

Which brain structure sends signals from the body to the cortex?

A

Thalamus

48
Q

Which brain structure BLOCKS signals from the thalamus to the cortex?

A

Reticular activating neurons

49
Q

What is seen in the EEG when the thalamus is blocked?

A

sleep spindles

50
Q
A

RPSGT (4 decks)

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