Thinking And Intelligence Flashcards
Cognitive
Perceive remember think speak
What are the two problem-solving
Well defined problems: clear start state leads to goal state example Rubiks cube
ill-defined problem: lackest clear states
What are the problem-solving blocks
Fixation- and ability to interpret problem in new way
mental set - not considering solutions other than ones previously used functional fixedness -inability to see objects as having another function
Algorithm
Procedure for finding correct solutions always correct
Heuristic
Rule of thumb example grocery shopping
Anchoring and adjustment
Judgments are more up or down
Working backwards heuristic
Goal state to current state
Means and analysis
Reducing difference between current and goal state
Properties of intelligence
Standardization test Norms and deviation
Reliability consistency of scores
Validity- measure what is suppose to
Piagets theory of cognitive development
He believed that children construct an understanding of the world around them experience discrepancies between what they already know and what they discover in their environment then adjust to their ideas accordingly
Sensorimotor
Birth to two years
The infant knows the world through their movements and sensations
Pre operational
Two to 7 years
Children begin to think symbolically and learn to use words and pictures to represent objects they struggle to see things from the perspective of others
Concrete operational
7 to 11 years
Children begin to think logically about concrete events able to understand the concept of conversation is reasoning and inductive logic
Formal operational
12 +
Adolescence or young adult begin to think objectively and reason that hypothecator problems think moral psychological ethical social and political issues deductive logic or reasoning
Assimilation
Take new information or experiences and incorporate them into our existing ideas
