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chem > things you just need to memorise > Flashcards

things you just need to memorise Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the formula for hydrochloric acid

A

HCl

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2
Q

what is the formula for nitric acid

A

HN03

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3
Q

what is the formula for sulfuric acid

A

H2SO4

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4
Q

what is the ion for sodium

A
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5
Q

what is the ion for carbonate

A

co3^2-

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6
Q

what is the ion for ammonium

A

NH4^+1

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7
Q

what is the ion for sulfate

A

SO4^-2

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8
Q

what is the formula for hydroxide

A

OH^-1

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9
Q

what to do if asked to write the formula of a compound

A

use the ionic equations,
eg sodium sulfate would be Na2 So4 as a sodium ion has a charge of Na^1+
and a sulfate ion has a charge of So4^2-
so we need two Na and one So4 to balance out the charges

eg2. potassium carbonate would be K2 Co3
as a potasium ion has a charge of K^1+ and a carbonate ion has a charge of Co3^2-
so we need two K and only one Co3 to balance out the charges

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10
Q

acid + metal

A

acid + metal –> metal salt + hydrogen

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11
Q

acid + metal hydroxides (alkalis)

A

acid + metal hydroxide –> metal salt + water

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12
Q

acid + metal carbonates

A

acid + metal carbonate –> salt + water + carbon dioxide

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13
Q

what is a neutralisation reaction

A

H+(aq) + OH-(aq) –> H20(l)

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14
Q

metal salt name endings for the three main acids

A

hydrochloric acid - chloride
(eg magnesium + hydrochloric acid=magnesium chloride + hydrogen)
nitric acid - nitrate
sulfuric acid - sulfate

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15
Q

what are positive ions known as

A

cations

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16
Q

what are negative ions known as

A

anions

17
Q

what is a binary compound

A

a compound that only contains 2 elements

to name a binary compound you use the first element normally but change the second elements ending to -ide

for ionic compounds what element comes first-
the metal always comes first

for example sodium and oxygen form sodium oxide.

18
Q

when writing an ionic compound which element comes first

A

always the metal comes first

19
Q

all the elements that are diatomic molecules so you always represent them with a 2 next to their state symbol

A

H2, N2, C2, F2, Br2, Cl2 , I2

19
Q

how do you get an equation for a ionic compound

A

the formula worked out from the ionic charges is used in equations.

20
Q

the polyatomic ions you need to remember

A

nitrate- NO3-
carbonate-CO3 2-
ammonium- NH4+
sulphate-SO4 2-
Hydroxide- OH-
Silver- ag+

21
Q

how to remember the diatomic elements

A

have no fear of ice cold beer
H2 Hydrogen
N2 Nitrogen
F2 Florine
O2 Oxygen
I2 Iodine
CL2 Chlorine
BR2 Bromine

22
Q
A
23
Q

what is the formula for phosphorous

A

p4

24
Q
A

chem (8 decks)

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