Things to memorize Flashcards
Essential FA
Linoleic (n-6)
Alpha Linoleum Acids (n-3)
Most common FA in Breast Milk
Steric
Oleic (n-9)
Palmitic
Oleic followed by Palmitic is most prevalent FA in human milk
Critical FA
AA and DHA are transferred across placenta to the developing fetus, mostly occurs in third trimester
EFAD
-Occurs at 3-7 days
-Scaly dermatitis, alopecia, thrombocytopenia, susceptibility to bacterial infections, failure to thrive
-Can be prevented by 0.5 gm/kd/day of IL
-Holman index triene: tetraene ration >0.2 (n-9:n-6 ratio)
Conditionally essential amino acids
Tyrosine, Taurine, Proline, Glycine, Arginine, Glutamine, Cysteine
Glutamine represents largest amino acid in human milk
BM Storage (0-4 degrees C)
Stable:
IgA,
C3 complement,
lactoferrin,
lysozyme,
fibronectin,
glycoproteins,
tocopherol,
cell count (number and function),
bacterial growth
Reduced:
Bactericidial activity within 72 hours
BM Storage Freezing (-20 degrees C)
Freezing at -70 the same except improved ph stability
Stable:
IgA
C3
Energy
Lactose
Lipids/fats
Lipase
Amylase
Lactoferrin
Lysozyme
Glycoproteins
Water soluble vitamins
Tocopherol
bacterial growth
Reduced:
ph
lactoperoxidase
cellular activity (number and function)
Heat treated/Pasteurization (56 degrees C)
Stable:
C3
Lactose
Lipid
Protein
Lactoferrin
Lysozyme
Fibronectin
Glycoproteins
Tocopherol
Fat soluble vitamins
Reduced:
Water soluble vitamins
Enzymes lipase amylase lactoperioxidase IFN TNF IL
antioxidants
adiopectin insulin
cellular activity (number and function)
bacterial growth except for b cereus
Heat-treated/Holder pasteurization (62 degrees C)
Stable:
Lactose
Lipid
Fibronectin
C3
Glycoproteins
Tocopherol
Fat soluble vitamins
Reduced:
IgA
Lactoferrin
Lysozyme
Water soluble vitamins
Enzymes
antioxidants
hormones
cellular activity (number and function)
bacterial growth except for b cereus
Respiratory quotient
C02 produced, basal metabolic rate
This is not energy production
Carbs 1
Protein 0.8
Fat 0.71
False negative CCHD screen
Left sided obstructive lesions
Coarct
Hypoplastic
Aortic stenosis
Due to decreased perfusion
Vitamin E
Hemolysis, Anemia, reticulocytosis
Biophysical Profile
Fetal Breathing 1 breathing
Fetal Tone 1 extension/flexion cycle
Fetal movement greator than 3 movements
AFI one fluid pocket at least 2cm by 1cm
Microarray
Detects chromosomal abnormalities
Microdeletions
Duplications
Most unbalanced translocations
Most aneuploidies
Some imprinting
Tricuspid Atresia and Complete AV Canal
Left superior axis
QRS up in lead 1 and down in lead avf
Pictures of eyes
Genetic techniques
Northern hybridization of a labeled dna probe to digested rna
Common side effect of Zidoviduine
Macrocytic Anemia
Check at birth and at 1 month
Give for 6 weeks
Know how to identify echogenic bowel and what causes it
Echogenic bowel is similar to bone brightness
Aneuploidy
Cystic fibrosis
CMV
IUGR
Swallowed blood
Prader Willi
Does not have hydronephrosis
GALD
Initiated by maternal antibodies that attack fetal hepatocytes. The fetal immune response
Maternal exposure to a sensitizing fetal antigen
Starts mid gestation and babies are showing liver failure
LFTs are normal
Previous children affected
ALCAPA
Q waves
Acute fatty liver disease in pregnancy
Baby can have long chain fatty acid deficiency
LTGA
Presents with complete heart block
Congenital heart defect most associated with accessory pathway
Ebsteins
Moro reflex
Onset 28-32 weeks
Well established 37 weeks
Disappears by 6 months
Palmar grasp
Onset 28 weeks
Well established 32 weeks
Disappears by 2 months
Thalamic hemorrhage is associated with
CVT
Bohr Effect
The binding of carbon dioxide to hemoglobin in the tissues augments unloading of oxygen from capillary blood
Haldane Effect
The binding of oxygen to hemoglobin in the alveolar bed augments carbon unloading from the capillary bed into alveolar space
