Things For Science Test Lessons 5-6

Question 1

Cell wall

Answer 1

A rigid layer of non living material that surrounds a plant cell. Supports and protects the cell, only found in plant cell

Question 2

Cell membrane

Answer 2

The outermost living layer in cells. Helps give shape and support to the cell, permeable layer (materials can pass thought it), and regulates the transport of materials in and out of the cell

Question 3

Cytoplasm

Answer 3

The liquid, jelly-like contents of the cell outside of the nucleus, provides support for the cell and its’ organelles, and living matter

Question 4

Nucleus

Answer 4

Controls all of the cell activities, contains chromosomes which carry all of done genetic information for the cell

Question 5

Chromosomes

Answer 5

Composed of proteins and DNA (genetic material)

● Genes that determine individual traits are located on the chromosomes.

Question 6

Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid

Answer 6

is genetic information stored in the
nucleus of a cell.
● is like the “instruction manual” for
the cell.

Question 7

Mitochondria

Answer 7

● THE POWER HOUSE OF THE CELL.
● Place where nutrient molecules are
broken down to release energy.
● The more energy needed by a cell, the more mitochondria is is likely to have.

Question 8

Ribosomes

Answer 8

Tiny knoblike particles in cells that manufacture (make) proteins.
● Many are attached to the Endoplasmic Reticulum.
● The proteins made by the ribosomes travel to other parts of the cell.

Question 9

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 9

A series of interconnected passageways.
● Located around the nucleus.
● Serves as transportation and communication
network between the cytoplasm and the nucleus.

Question 10

Golgi body

Answer 10

Flattened, curved sacs that package, sort, and distribute proteins to the proper locations inside and out of the cell.
● Located near the Endoplasmic Reticulum.

Question 11

Lysosomes

Answer 11

Sacs formed from Golgi Bodies.
● Contains digestive enzymes that break down
nutrients.
● Also breaks down
damaged cell parts.

Question 12

Vacuoles

Answer 12

Membrane enclosed sacs in plant AND animal cells that store food, water, and minerals.
● Plant cells have large vacuole(s).
● Animal cells have smaller vacuoles.

Question 13

Chloroplasts

Answer 13

Structures in plant cells that contain chlorophyll.

● Chlorophyll is necessary for photosynthesis to make glucose for plant.

Question 14

Cell

Answer 14

The building block of all living things

Question 15

Organelle

Answer 15

Means “tiny organs”. Parts of a cell that help it function

Question 16

Plasmolysis

Answer 16

The fresh water inside the cell moves out and the cell membrane shrinks down away from the cell wall bringing with it all of the organelles

Question 17

Flagellum

Answer 17

Whip like structure to propel the euglena in water

Question 18

Cilia

Answer 18

Tiny hairs that help the paramecium swim

Question 19

Daughter colony

Answer 19

They are little balls inside of adult coloney

Question 20

Pseudopods

Answer 20

“False feet”

Question 21

Oral groove

Answer 21

Mouth (sweeps food into it for the paramecium

Question 22

All protist names

Answer 22

Euglena, Paramecium, Amoeba, and the Volvox

Question 23

Protista

Answer 23

Latin name for protists

Question 24

1. How does a Volvox move?

2. How does it eat?

Answer 24

1. Uses FLAGELLA (tiny tails) to help it ROLL

2. Autotroph- uses chloroplasts to make its’ own food via photosynthesis

Question 25

1. How does an Amoeba move?

2. How does it eat?

Answer 25

1. Extends its’ Endoplasm, moves slowly, and pseudopods (“false feet”)
2. Heterotroph- eats by engulfing its’ prey (other protists)

Question 26

1. How does a Paramecium move?

2. How does it eat?

Answer 26

1. Uses CILIA, and it is fast

2. Heterotroph- sweeps prey into oral groove

Question 27

1. How does a Euglena move?

2. How does it eat?

Answer 27

1. Uses flagellum

2. Heterotroph- consumes and autotroph- chloroplasts

Question 28

What kingdom to protists belong to?

Answer 28

They belong to the fungi, animal, and plant

Question 29

Plant like and animal like features of the volvox

Answer 29

Plant and animal- Daughter colonies
Live in colonies of up to 1,000 cells
Flagella around the colonies
HAS CHLOROPLASTS

Question 30

Plant like and animal like features of the amoeba

Answer 30

ANIMAL-No definite shape

EXTENDS ENDOPLASM

Question 31

Plant and animal like features of the paramecium

Answer 31

Animal- slipper shaped, cilia, oral groove

Question 32

Plant and animal features of the euglena

Answer 32

Animal and plant- consumes other protists, eyespot: detect light, flagellum to propel, HAS CHLOROPLASTS