Thigh Region Flashcards
Deep fascia of the thigh is known as _______?
Fascia Lata
The Fascia Lata is continuous superio-anteriorly with:
1) Inguinal l.
2) pubic arch
3) Body of pubis
4) Pubic tubercle
The Fascia Lata is continuous superio-posterio-laterally with:
The iliac crest
The Facia Lata is continuous superio-posterio-medially with:
1) Sacrum
2) coccyx
3) sacrotuberous l.
4) ischial tuberosity
5) ischiopubic ramus
The Fascia Lata is continuous inferiorly with:
1) Exposed parts of bone around the knee
2) Posterior Popliteal Fascia
3) Crural Fascia
The Iliotibial Band is:
1) The lateral thickening of the Fascia Lata
2) The shared aponeurosis of the tensor fascia kata and gluteus maximus mm.
The IT Band extends from _____ to _____.
1) Iliac Tubercle
2) Anterolateral tubercle of the tibia (Gerdy’s Tubercle)
The three compartments divided by the Facia Lata are:
1) Anterior
2) Medial
3) Posterior
The walls of the three thigh compartments are formed by
1) Fascia Lata
2) 3 Intermuscular septa
The 3 Intermuscular septa are:
1) Lateral
2) Medial
3) Unnamed
The strongest wall of the thigh compartments is the _______ intermuscular septa.
Lateral
Where is the Saphenous opening located?
Inferior to the medial part of the inguinal l.
What is the cribriform fascia?
localized membranous tissue that closes the saphenous opening.
What goes through the saphenous opening?
1) Lymphatic vessels from superficial inguinal nodes
2) great saphenous v.
Which muscles make up the anterior thigh compartment?
1) Pectineus m. (L2, L3)
2) Iliopsoas m. (L1, L2, L3)
3) Sartorius m. (L2, L3)
4) Quadriceps Femoris mm. (L2, L3, L4)
The Iliacus and the Psoas Major mm. make up which muscle?
The Iliopsoas m.
Which four muscles make up the Quadriceps Femoris?
1) Rectus Femoris m. (L2, L3, L4)
2) Vastus Lateralis m. (L2, L3, L4)
3) Vastus Intermedius m. (L2, L3, L4)
4) Rectus Medialis m. (L2, L3, L4)
This muscle is known as the chief flexor of the thigh.
Iliopsoas m.
This muscle is capable of moving the origin in relation to the insertion.
Iliopsoas m.
The Iliopsoas m. is active during standing because…
It maintains lumbar lordosis and resists hyperextension of the hip.
This is the longest muscle in the body.
Sartorius m. (L2, L3)
Which two joints does the sartorius m. act on?
1) Acetabulofemoral Joint
2) Knee Joint
The “Kicking Muscle” is…
The Rectus Femoris m. (L2, L3, L4)
True or False: All four of the Quadriceps Femoris mm. are supplied by the femoral and profunda femoris aa.
False: The Rectus Femoris m. is only supplied by the Femoral a.
The joint capsule of the knee joint is reinforced by the aponeuroses formed by the _____ and _____ mm.
1) vastus medialis m. (L2, L3, L4)
2) vastus lateralis m. (L2, L3, L4)
Two muscles of the Quadriceps Femoris mm. form these structures to reinforce the joint capsule of the knee.
1) Medial patellar retinacula
2) Lateral patellar retinacula
The Quadriceps Femoris test:
1) Patient is supine with knee partly flexed
2) Patient extends knee against resistance
3) Muscle is observable and palpable
4) tests the integrity of the femoral n.
These muscles make up the medial thigh compartment.
1) Adductor Longus (L2, L3, L4)
2) Adductor Brevis (L2, L3, L4)
3) Adductor Magnus (L2, L3, L4)
4) Gracilis (L2, L3)
5) Obturator Externus (L3, L4)
This is the most powerful adductor.
Adductor Magnus (L2, L3, L4)
The primary actions of the anterior thigh group move in this plane.
The Sagittal Plane
The primary action of the medial thigh group move in this plane.
The Coronal Plane
The opening just lateral and superior to the adductor tubercle is known as the _______.
Adductor Hiatus
The adductor hiatus is located between the distal attachments of which muscle? Name the muscle and the insertions.
Adductor Magnus
1) Adductor part - gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line
2) Hamstring part - adductor tubercle
True or False: The Saphenous n. and the Femoral a. and v. between the adductor canal and the popliteal fossa.
False: The saphenous v. is not transmited through the adductor hiatus.
The pes anserinus muscles work together to _____ the _____ knee.
1) stabilize
2) extended
“Goose’s Foot” is a description of which muscles?
The common insertion point of:
1) Sartorius m. (L2, L3)
2) Gracilis m. (L2, L3)
3) Semitendinosus m. (L5, S1, S2)
Define the test for to obturator n.
1) Patient lies supine with knee extended
2) thigh is adducted against resistance
3) proximal end of gracilis and adductor longus are palpated
4) integrity of the obturator n.
Which is the primary artery of the lower limb?
The femoral a
The femoral a. is a continuation of the _____ artery after it passes by this ligament.
External iliac a.
Inguinal l.
This artery parallels the inguinal l. toward the ASIS.
Superficial circumflex iliac a.
All of the thigh adductors are supplied by this a.
Anterior branch of the obturator a.
Which adductor m. is supplied by the perforating a.?
Adductor Magnus m.
This is the chief artery of the thigh.
The profunda Femoris a.
The lateral circumflex a. branches into the:
1) Anterior branch of the lateral femoral circumflex a.
2) Transverse branch of the lateral femoral circumflex a.
3) ascending branch of the lateral femoral circumflex a.
True or False: The ascending branch of the lateral femoral circumflex a. only supplies muscles in the thigh.
False: The ascending branch of the lateral femoral circumflex a. supplies the tensor fascia lata, gluteus medius, and gluteus minimus mm. in the gluteal region.
True or False: The Anterior, Transverse, and Ascending branches of the lateral femoral circumflex a. participate in the cruciate anastomosis.
False: the ascending branch of the lateral femoral circumflex a. participates in the genicular anastomosis.
Starting superiorly and continuing inferiorly, to the knee, describe the names of the direct continuation of the external iliac a. and the structures that border where the name changes.
1) External iliac a.
2) Passes through the femoral triangle, and the inguinal l.
3) Femoral a.
4) Traverses the adductor hiatus
5) Popliteal a.
Describe Ischemia.
Decreased blood flor to muscles during exercise.
1) pain in calf and foot when walking.
2) decreased pulse below blockage.
Steve walks into the anatomy lab and explains that he experienced pain in his calf and foot playing hockey the previous night. Much to his surprise, the pain disappeared when benched for poor performance. Jake has a pretty good idea what the issue is. What is the first test Jake performs?
Jake starts by checking the pulse in two locations.
1) Posterior Tibial a. by the ankle
2) Any other artery not in the lower limb.
Steve walks into the anatomy lab and explains that he experienced pain in his calf and foot playing hockey the previous night. Much to his surprise, the pain disappeared when benched for poor performance. Jake has a pretty good idea what the issue is. After checking for a pulse and noticing it is decreased at the ankle, what does he think has occurred?
Ischemia: Jake thinks there is a blockage in either the Femoral, popliteal, or posterior tibial aa. It is most common in the adductor hiatus.
Which structure is located at the base of the femoral triangle?
Inguinal l.
The hamstrings have the nerve roots of:
L5, S1, S2
Which three muscles insert at the superio-medial surface of the tibia?
1) Semitendinosus (L5, S1, S2)
2) Gracilis (L2, L3)
3) Sartorius (L2, L3)
Which three posterior muscles originate from the ischial tuberosity?
1) Biceps Femoris long head (L5, S1, S2)
2) Semimembranosus (L5, S1, S2)
3) Semitendinosus (L5, S1, S2)
What does the insertion of the semimembranosus divide into?
1) Direct attachment to the tibial condyle
2) Blend with the popliteal fascia
3) The Oblique popliteal l.
Which muscles are in the medial thigh compartment, and what is their primary action?
1) Adductor Longus (L2, L3, L4)
2) Adductor Brevis (L2, L3, L4)
3) Adductor Magnus (L2, L3, L4)
4) Gracilis (L2, L3)
5) Obturator Externus (L3, L4)
Which group of muscles has a member in each thigh compartment?
The pes anserinus mm.
The medial femoral circumflex a. branches off of which artery?
The profunda femoris a.
Which arteries, located in the anterio-medial thigh, branch off the femoral a.?
1) Superficial circumflex a.
2) Superficial epigastric a.
3) superficial external pudendal a.
4) deep external pudendal a.
5) profunda femoris a
6) Descending genicular a.
7) popliteal a.
What is the femoral a. called proximal to the inguinal l.?
The external iliac a.
What are the origins for the pes anserinus mm.?
1) Sartorius - ASIS and the superior border of the notch inferior to it.
2) Gracilis - The body and inferior ramus of pubis.
3) Semitendinosus - The Ischial Tuberosity
True or False: The Obturator a. branches from the internal iliac a.
False: it branches from the internal iliac a., ~20% the inferior epigastric.
What does the obturator a. divide into?
1) Anterior branch of obturator a.
2) Posterior branch of obturator a.
Describe the location of the ligament to the head of the femur.
The Ligament to head of femur is located between:
- fovea for l. of head
- acetabular fossa
What is the name of artery located in the l. to head of femur?
The acetabular branch of the obturator a.
Describe the path taken by the blood from the iliac aa. to the Gluteus Medius m.
Internal Iliac a. -> Superior Gluteal a. External Iliac a. -> Femoral a. -> Profunda femoris a. -> Lateral femoral circumflex a. -> Ascending branch of the LFC a.
What passes through the femoral triangle?
1) Femoral n.a.v.
2) Deep inguinal lymph nodes and vessels
What forms the femoral triangle?
1) Base - inguinal l.
2) Medial border - lateral border of adductor longus.
3) Lateral border - sartorius m.
4) Floor - pectinues and iliopsoas mm.
5) fascia lata, cribiform fascia, subcutaneous tissue, skin
Which arteries are in the posterior compartment of the thigh?
1) Inferior Gluteal a.
2) Perforating aa.
