Thigh and Knee

Question 1

What four muscles are made up of the Quadriceps Femoris?

Answer 1

1). Rectus Femoris
2). Vastus Lateralis
3). Vastus intermedius
4). Vastus medialis

Question 2

What is the action of the anterior compartment of the hip/knee?
Which muscle is an exception to this action?

Answer 2

Flexion of hip, Extension of knee

Sartorius (flexes hip AND knee)

Question 3

What is the action of the medial compartment of the hip/knee?

Answer 3

Adduct hip, flex knee

Question 4

What is the action of the posterior compartment of hip/knee?

Answer 4

Extends hip, flex knee

Question 5

What is the action of Iliopsoas? (Anterior thigh)

Answer 5

Flexion of hip

Question 6

What is the action of vastus laterals, intermedius and medialis? (Ant. thigh)

Answer 6

Extension of knee

Question 7

What is the function of Sartorius? (Anterior thigh)

Answer 7

Hip and knee flexion

Question 8

What is the function of Rectus femoris? (Ant. thigh)

Answer 8

Hip flexion, knee extension

Question 9

what is the attachment point for Sartorius? (Ant. thigh)

Answer 9

From the Ilium to medial tibia

Question 10

What is the attachment point for Rectus Femoris? (Ant. thigh)

Answer 10

Ilium to tibial tuberosity

Question 11

What is the attachment point for Iliopsoas?

Answer 11

Ilium and vertebrae to lesser trochanter

Question 12

Do all anterior thigh muscles go from femur to tibial tuberosity? T or F (Vastus lat, med, inter and Quadriceps Tendon)

Answer 12

T (4 muscles)
Forms Quadricep Tendon» with rectus femoris
All extend the knee

Question 13

What is the innervation of the anterior thigh?

Answer 13

Femoral Nerve

Question 14

Review quest: A physician is placing an intravenous line (IV) in a patient’s femoral vein. If they misjudge where the vein is by placing the needle too laterally, which of the following nerves could be accidentally injured?

Answer 14

Femoral

Question 15

What is the action of Gracilis? (medial thigh)

Answer 15

Adduction of hip, knee flexion

Question 16

What is the action of adductor longs, brevis and Magnus? (medial thigh)

Answer 16

Hip adduction

Question 17

What is the attachment point of adductor longus, brevis and Magnus?

Answer 17

Pubis to the femur

Question 18

What is the attachment point of Gracillis

Answer 18

Pubis to tibia

Question 19

What is the action of pectineus and its attachment point?

Answer 19

Action: Hip adduction
Attachment point: pubis to femur

Question 20

What is the innervation of the medial thigh?

Answer 20

Obturator nerve

Question 21

What three muscles are made up of the hamstring?

Answer 21

1). Biceps femoris
2). Semitendinosus
3). Semimembranosus

Question 22

What is the action of biceps femoris (Long head) , semitendinosus and semimembranosus?

Answer 22

Hip extension, knee flexion

short head: ONLY KNEE FLEXION

Question 23

what is the attachment points of semitendinosus and semimembranosus

Answer 23

Ischial tuberosity to medial tibia

Question 24

What is the attachment points of biceps femoris long and short head?

Answer 24

Long head: Ischial tuberosity to fibula
Short head: Femur to fibula

Question 25

What is the innervation of the posterior thigh?

Answer 25

Sciatic Nerve

Question 26

What is the main blood supply to lower limb?

Answer 26

Femoral Artery (continuation of external iliac artery)

Question 27

Review quest: What artery is not ultimately a branch of the external iliac artery?

Answer 27

Artery to the head of the femur

Question 28

What does femoral artery become once it passes through the adductor hiatus behind the knee?

Answer 28

Popliteal artery

Question 29

Which arteries provide collateral circulation around the knee?

Answer 29

Genicular arteries

Question 30

What vein does great saphenous drain directly into?

Answer 30

Femoral vein

Question 31

What vein does small saphenous drain directly into?

Answer 31

Popliteal vein

Question 32

What do collateral ligaments attach too?

Answer 32

attaches femur to tibia (medial) and fibula (lateral)

Question 33

What does collateral ligaments prevent?

Answer 33

Abduction and adduction, making the knee a hinge point (movement in one plane ONLY)

Question 34

In extension, the femur must rotate which way on the tibia?

Answer 34

Medially; to "lock" the knee into full extension

Question 35

Which direction must the femur rotate in order to "unlock" and initiate flexion?

Answer 35

laterally

Question 36

Anterior cruciate ligament

Answer 36

- tight in extension - prevents anterior displacement of tibia on the femur

Question 37

Posterior cruciate ligament

Answer 37

- tight in flexion - prevents posterior displacement of tibia on femur

Question 38

How would you test for a PCL injury?

Answer 38

Try to displace the tibia posteriorly relative to the femur

Question 39

What type of padding does the Menisci provide within the knee?

Answer 39

Fibrocartilaginous padding between femoral condyles and tibia