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Human Anatomy: 476 > Thigh and Knee > Flashcards

Thigh and Knee Flashcards

1
Q

What four muscles are made up of the Quadriceps Femoris?

A

1). Rectus Femoris
2). Vastus Lateralis
3). Vastus intermedius
4). Vastus medialis

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2
Q

What is the action of the anterior compartment of the hip/knee?
Which muscle is an exception to this action?

A

Flexion of hip, Extension of knee

Sartorius (flexes hip AND knee)

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3
Q

What is the action of the medial compartment of the hip/knee?

A

Adduct hip, flex knee

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4
Q

What is the action of the posterior compartment of hip/knee?

A

Extends hip, flex knee

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5
Q

What is the action of Iliopsoas? (Anterior thigh)

A

Flexion of hip

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6
Q

What is the action of vastus laterals, intermedius and medialis? (Ant. thigh)

A

Extension of knee

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7
Q

What is the function of Sartorius? (Anterior thigh)

A

Hip and knee flexion

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8
Q

What is the function of Rectus femoris? (Ant. thigh)

A

Hip flexion, knee extension

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9
Q

what is the attachment point for Sartorius? (Ant. thigh)

A

From the Ilium to medial tibia

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10
Q

What is the attachment point for Rectus Femoris? (Ant. thigh)

A

Ilium to tibial tuberosity

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11
Q

What is the attachment point for Iliopsoas?

A

Ilium and vertebrae to lesser trochanter

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12
Q

Do all anterior thigh muscles go from femur to tibial tuberosity? T or F (Vastus lat, med, inter and Quadriceps Tendon)

A

T (4 muscles)
Forms Quadricep Tendon» with rectus femoris
All extend the knee

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13
Q

What is the innervation of the anterior thigh?

A

Femoral Nerve

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14
Q

Review quest: A physician is placing an intravenous line (IV) in a patient’s femoral vein. If they misjudge where the vein is by placing the needle too laterally, which of the following nerves could be accidentally injured?

A

Femoral

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15
Q

What is the action of Gracilis? (medial thigh)

A

Adduction of hip, knee flexion

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16
Q

What is the action of adductor longs, brevis and Magnus? (medial thigh)

A

Hip adduction

17
Q

What is the attachment point of adductor longus, brevis and Magnus?

A

Pubis to the femur

18
Q

What is the attachment point of Gracillis

A

Pubis to tibia

19
Q

What is the action of pectineus and its attachment point?

A

Action: Hip adduction
Attachment point: pubis to femur

20
Q

What is the innervation of the medial thigh?

A

Obturator nerve

21
Q

What three muscles are made up of the hamstring?

A

1). Biceps femoris
2). Semitendinosus
3). Semimembranosus

22
Q

What is the action of biceps femoris (Long head) , semitendinosus and semimembranosus?

A

Hip extension, knee flexion

short head: ONLY KNEE FLEXION

23
Q

what is the attachment points of semitendinosus and semimembranosus

A

Ischial tuberosity to medial tibia

24
Q

What is the attachment points of biceps femoris long and short head?

A

Long head: Ischial tuberosity to fibula
Short head: Femur to fibula

25
Q

What is the innervation of the posterior thigh?

A

Sciatic Nerve

26
Q

What is the main blood supply to lower limb?

A

Femoral Artery
(continuation of external iliac artery)

27
Q

Review quest: What artery is not ultimately a branch of the external iliac artery?

A

Artery to the head of the femur

28
Q

What does femoral artery become once it passes through the adductor hiatus behind the knee?

A

Popliteal artery

29
Q

Which arteries provide collateral circulation around the knee?

A

Genicular arteries

30
Q

What vein does great saphenous drain directly into?

A

Femoral vein

31
Q

What vein does small saphenous drain directly into?

A

Popliteal vein

32
Q

What do collateral ligaments attach too?

A

attaches femur to tibia (medial) and fibula (lateral)

33
Q

What does collateral ligaments prevent?

A

Abduction and adduction, making the knee a hinge point (movement in one plane ONLY)

34
Q

In extension, the femur must rotate which way on the tibia?

A

Medially; to “lock” the knee into full extension

35
Q

Which direction must the femur rotate in order to “unlock” and initiate flexion?

A

laterally

36
Q

Anterior cruciate ligament

A
  • tight in extension
  • prevents anterior displacement of tibia on the femur
37
Q

Posterior cruciate ligament

A
  • tight in flexion
  • prevents posterior displacement of tibia on femur
38
Q

How would you test for a PCL injury?

A

Try to displace the tibia posteriorly relative to the femur

39
Q

What type of padding does the Menisci provide within the knee?

A

Fibrocartilaginous padding between femoral condyles and tibia

Human Anatomy: 476 (6 decks)

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