Thigh and Gluteal Region Flashcards by Bridget Wilson

What muscles attach to greater trochanter?

Lesser trochanter?

Greater: rotators, hip joint muscles
Lesser: flexors

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What type of bone is the knee cap?

sesamoid bone (develops within a tendon)
Patella develops within:
--tendon of rectus femoris
--tendon of quadriceps femoris

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Location of tibia and fibula

Tibia: medial
Fibula: lateral

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What leg bone has lateral and medial condyles?

tibia

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Ant and post cruciate ligaments attach to what part of what bone?

Intercondylar eminence of tibia

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Medial malleolus on what bone?
Lateral?
What are malleoli for?

Medial: tibia
Lateral: fibula
Malleoli: for attachment to ankle bones

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Bone that fits into space b/w 2 malleoli

talus

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Ankle bone is…

calcaneus

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Bones in row after talus and calcaneus

cuboid (lateral) and navicular (medial)

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How many cuneiforms? Location?

3 cuneiforms

Located b/w navicular and metatarsals

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How many metatarsals? What part of foot do they make?

5 metatarsals

make up sole of foot

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How many phalanges make up big toe?

Other toes?

2 for big toe

3 for rest of toes

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Fascia of thigh (b/w hip and knee)

fascia lata

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Thickened region of fascia lata on lateral side of thigh

Iliotibial tract

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Muscle associated with iliotibial tract

tensor fascia lata

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Fascia below knee called

Deep fascia of knee or

Crural fascia

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Innervation of compartments of thigh

Ant: femoral n
Medial: obturator n
Post: sciatic n

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Superficial veins of thigh

Great saphenous v (runs down medial side of leg, ends up on dorsal aspect of foot)
Small saphenous v (runs down back of leg, goes into knee via popliteal fossa)

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Great saphenous v drains to…

femoral v

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Femoral triangle

where femoral NAV enter ant compartment of thigh

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Borders of femoral triangle

inguinal ligament (top)
sartorius (laterally)
Adductor longus (medially)
Iliopsoas, pectineus (floor)

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Saphenous opening

break in fascia lata

where great saphenous v joins with femoral v

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Flexors of hip

Pecitneus
Iliopsoas
Sartorius

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Actions of iliopsoas

flexor of hip

if hip is fixed, flexes trunk fwd

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Actions of sartorius

flexes hip joint flexes knee joint allows you to cross your legs

Extensors of knee

Quadriceps femoris - -rectus femoris - -vastus lateralis - -vastus medialis - -vastus intermedias (behind rectus femoris)

Quadriceps femoris attach to...

front of tibia via quadriceps tendon

Quadriceps tendon formed from... | Inserts on...

Tendon is fusion of tendons from all of the quadriceps muscles Inserts on patella

Patellar ligament

extension of quadriceps tendon | attaches patella to tibia at tibial tuberosity

What muscles contribute to pes anserinus?

Gracilis Semitendinous Sartorius

Femoral sheath includes

Femoral a, v | Lymphatics to thigh

Location of femoral nerve in relation to femoral sheath

lateral to femoral sheath

Adductors of thigh

``` Adductor longus Adductor brevis Adductor magnus Gracilis Obturator externus ```

Functions of gracilis

accessory knee flexor | adducts thigh

Functions of Obturator externus

laterally rotates thigh, adducts thigh

Muscles of compartments of thigh... Ant Medial Post

Ant: flexors of hip joint and extensors of knee Medial: adductors of thigh Post: extensors of hip and flexors of knee (opp of ant)

Functions of adductor magnus

adductor of thigh | flexes knee

Blood vessels of medial compartment of thigh

Branches of femoral a: - -profunda femoris a - -lat and med circumflex femoral aa

Femoral a passes through what opening to get to back of knee? What is the artery called now?

Passes through adductor hiatus, now called popliteal a

Femoral a path

runs down medial side of thigh under sartorius muscle

Adductor hiatus is in what muscle?

Adductor magnus

Popliteal a splits into

tibial (ant and post) | fibular

Adductor canal

- -space b/w ant and medial compartments capped by sartorius | - -conduit for femoral a, v, and branches of n

Sartorius nerve runs in what location? | Branch of?

Runs in adductor canal | Branch of femoral n

What ligaments make up the hip joint?

Iliofemoral (front) | Ischiofemoral (back

Iliofemoral ligament inserts...

at trochanteric line (b/w greater and lesser trochanters)

What ligament attaches head of femur to acetabulum?

Ligament of head of femur

Blood supply to hip joint

``` Obturator a (has a small branch that runs in the ligament of head of femur) Circumflex aa (lat and medial femoral) ```

What muscles of gluteal region insert on greater trochanter?

``` gluteus medius gluteus minimis piriformis obturator internus sup gemellus inf gemellus ```

Origin and insertion of quadratus femoris

tibial tuberosity | ant inf iliac spine

What is the action of quadratus femoris?

lateral rotation

What muscles are involved in abduction/medial rotation?

gluteus medius and minimis

What muscles are involved in abduction/lateral rotation?

piriformis obturator internus sup an dinf gemellus

Sciatic nerve exits b/w what muscles?

piriformis | sup gemellus

Variations of sciatic path

1. below piriformis (normal) 2. pierces piriformis 3. common fibular passes sup to piriformis, tibular passes inf to piriformis

What nerve runs along with sciatic nerve?

Post cutaneous nerve of thigh

Muscles of hamstrings

biceps femoris (short and long heads) semimembranous semitendinous

Insertion of long head of biceps femoris

ischial tuberosity

Linea aspera | muscles that originate on it

ridge on post femur for attachment of muscles - -vastus medialis - -vastus lateralis - -adductor magnus - -adductor longus - -adductor brevis - -short head of biceps

Blood supply to hip joint

obturator a | lat and medial circumflex femoral aa

Blood supply to gluteal region

sup and inf gluteal aa

Veins of leg

great saphenous | small saphenous