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Human Anatomy: Pelvis/Perineum and Lower Limb > Abdomen, continued > Flashcards

Abdomen, continued Flashcards

1
Q

What side is spleen on?

A

Left
Back left side, tucked behind stomach
B/w ribs 8-10, 9-11

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2
Q

Diaphragmatic surface of spleen

A

convex

against diaphram and thoracic wall

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3
Q

Hilum of spleen on what surface?

A

concave

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4
Q

What omentum does spleen develop in?

A

Greater omentum

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5
Q

Ligaments of spleen and their attachments

A

Splenorenal: spleen and left kidney
Gastrosplenic: spleen and stomach

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6
Q

What blood vessels supply/drain spleen?

A

Splenic a and v

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7
Q

Ligaments of spleen remnants of?

Ligaments contain…

A

Remnants of greater omentum

Contain blood vessels

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8
Q

Location of liver

A

right side

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9
Q

Larger lobe of liver on what side?

A

Right

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10
Q

Describe mvmts of liver when inspire/expire?

A

Ispire: liver pushed down to gut
Expire: liver pushed up to thoracic cavity

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11
Q

Liver is attached to stomach via what omentum?

What are the 2 parts of this omentum?

A

Lesser omentum

  1. Hepatogastric ligament (majority)
  2. Hepatoduodenal ligament (edge of lesser omentum)
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12
Q

Hepatoduodenal ligament encloses…

A

portal triad

  • -Bile duct
  • -Hepatic a
  • -Hepatic portal v
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13
Q

Porta hepatis vs

Portal triad

A

Porta hepatis: transverse fissure where the vessels, hepatic nerve plexus, and hepatic ducts enter and leave liver
Portal triad: bile duct, hepatic a, and hepatic portal v

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14
Q

What omentum does spleen develop in?

Liver?

A

Spleen: Greater omentum
Liver: Lesser omentum (2 layers of lesser omentum – becomes visceral peritoneum)

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15
Q

Porta hepatis vs

Portal triad

A

Porta hepatis: transverse fissure (b/w caudate and quadrate lobes) where the vessels, hepatic nerve plexus, and hepatic ducts enter and leave liver
Portal triad: bile duct, hepatic a, and hepatic portal v

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16
Q

Bare area of the liver

A

area not covered by lesser omentum

as liver develops, pushes against diaphragm and sticks there

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17
Q

Coronary ligaments

A

parts of the lesser omentum that surround the bare area of the liver

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18
Q

Falciform ligament

A

remnant of lesser omentum that connects liver and ant abdominal wall
continuous with coronary ligaments (which are around bare area)

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19
Q

Round ligament of the liver

A

remnant of umbilical vein

Continuous with falciform ligament

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20
Q

What blood vessel runs through liver?

Where does it receive blood from?

A

Inf vena cava

Receives blood from liver via hepatic portal vein

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21
Q

What are the parts of the right lobe of liver?

A

Caudate (top)
Quadrate (bottom)
Main right lobe

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22
Q

Right sagittal fissure

A

b/w large right lobe and caudate/quadrate lobes

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23
Q

Umbilical (left sagittal) fissure

A

b/w caudate and quadrate lobes and left lobe

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24
Q

Describe path of left umbilical v in fetus

A

Left umbilical v passed through liver, to inf vena cava
Brought oxygenated blood from placenta into R atrium
Ductus venosus allowed left umbilical v to be shunted directly to inf vena cava, bupassing liver

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25
Q

Ductus venosus becomes…

Left umbilical v…

A

Ductus venosus: ligamentum venosum

Left umbilical v: round ligament of liver

26
Q

Gallbladder is outgrowth of…

Liver grows as extension of…

A

Gallbladder: bile duct
Liver: duodenum

27
Q

Bile and pancreatic ducts join at…

A

Hepato-pancreatic ampulla

28
Q

Hepato-pancreatic ampulla enters duodenum via…

A

Major duodenal papilla

29
Q

Bile duct sphincter named…

A

choledochal sphincter

30
Q

Hepatocytes

A

detoxify blood from hepatic portal v

produce bile

31
Q

Processed blood enters … v

A

central v

32
Q

Gallbladder location

A

fossa of liver

33
Q

Innervation of gallbladder

A

Right phrenic (somatic sensory)
Ant vagal trunk branches (parasym motor from esophagus)
Sym via thoracic splanchnic nerves

34
Q

Blood supply in 76%

A

Common hepatic

  • Gastroduodenal a
  • Hepatic a proper
  • -R and L hepatic branches
  • –Cystic from R hepatic branch
35
Q

Blood supply in 24.5%

A

variation in origin of cystic a

does NOT come from R hepatic branch

36
Q

Anastamoses b/w systemic and portal venous circulation

A

Esophageal and L gastric v
Inf mesenteric and retroperitoneal v
Sup rectal and inf rectal/rectal
Epigastric and para-umbilical v

37
Q

What fascia covers the kidneys in the back?

What fascia encases kidneys?

A

Back: Thoracolumnar fascia
Encases: renal fascia

38
Q

Name of fat encasing kidneys

A

perinephrenic fat

perinrenal fat capsule

39
Q

Which kidney is higher than the other?

A

Left

40
Q

Ureters enter kidney at…

A

hilum

41
Q

Renal pyramid

A

nephrons located here (where urine is produced)

42
Q

Renal cortex

A

area that surrounds renal pyramids

43
Q

Renal papilla

A

apex of renal pyramid where urine is excreted

44
Q

Path of urine in kidney

A

Exits pyramids via renal papilla

Minor calices –> major calices –> renal pelvis –> ureter –> bladder

45
Q

Blood supply to kidneys

A

R and L renal aa and vv

Gonadal (testicular/ovarian) aa and vv

46
Q

R and L renal aa and vv originate from

A

Abdominal aorta

Vena cava

47
Q

R and L gonadal aa and vv originate from

A

R and L aa from abdominal aorta
R gonadal v from vena cava
L gonadal v from renal v

48
Q

Diaphragm is higher/lower in back than it is in front

A

Lower in back than it is in front

49
Q

Arcuate ligaments of diaphragm and muscles they go to

A

Lateral: quadratus lumborum
Medial: psoas major

50
Q

Openings in diaphragm

A

T8: caval opening for inf vena cava
T10: esophageal hiatus
T12: aortic hiatus

51
Q

What structures form the aortic hiatus?

A

Median arcuate ligament

R and L crus

52
Q

Muscles of post abdominal wall

A

quadratus lumborum
Iliopsoas (psoas major and iliacus)
Psoas minor

53
Q

Nerves of lumbar plexus

A 
Iliohypogastric
Ilioinguinal
Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh
Genitofemoral 
Femoral
Obturator
54
Q

Nerves of lumbar plexus

A 
Iliohypogastric
Ilioinguinal
Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh
Genitofemoral (femoral and genital branches)
Femoral
Obturator
55
Q

What nerve of lumbar plexus pierces the psoas muscle?

A

genitofemoral

56
Q

All of the nerves of the lumbar plexus are both motor and sensory except…

A

Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh (only sensory)

57
Q

Obturator nerve innervates what kind of muscles in the ant compartment of thigh?

A

Adductors

58
Q

aa of plane 1 (branches of abdominal aorta going fwd to ant abdominal wall)

A

Celiac
Sup mesenteric
Inf mesenteric

59
Q

aa of plane 2 (branches of upper abdominal aorta going anterolateral)

A

Renal
Gonadal
Suprarenal

60
Q

aa of plane 3 (branches of abdominal aorta distributed here, going laterally)

A

Inf phrenic
Subcostal
Lumbar

61
Q

Median sacral a branches from

A

bifurcation of aorta into common iliac aa

62
Q

Venous drainage of abdomen

A 
Hepatic portal sys
Inf vena cava
Common iliac vv
Lumbar vv
Ascending lumbar vv (continuous with azygos sys --> anastamose with abdominal vv)

Human Anatomy: Pelvis/Perineum and Lower Limb (4 decks)

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