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Human Anatomy: Pelvis/Perineum and Lower Limb > Abdomen, continued > Flashcards

Abdomen, continued Flashcards

1
Q

What side is spleen on?

A

Left
Back left side, tucked behind stomach
B/w ribs 8-10, 9-11

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2
Q

Diaphragmatic surface of spleen

A

convex

against diaphram and thoracic wall

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3
Q

Hilum of spleen on what surface?

A

concave

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4
Q

What omentum does spleen develop in?

A

Greater omentum

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5
Q

Ligaments of spleen and their attachments

A

Splenorenal: spleen and left kidney
Gastrosplenic: spleen and stomach

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6
Q

What blood vessels supply/drain spleen?

A

Splenic a and v

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7
Q

Ligaments of spleen remnants of?

Ligaments contain…

A

Remnants of greater omentum

Contain blood vessels

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8
Q

Location of liver

A

right side

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9
Q

Larger lobe of liver on what side?

A

Right

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10
Q

Describe mvmts of liver when inspire/expire?

A

Ispire: liver pushed down to gut
Expire: liver pushed up to thoracic cavity

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11
Q

Liver is attached to stomach via what omentum?

What are the 2 parts of this omentum?

A

Lesser omentum

  1. Hepatogastric ligament (majority)
  2. Hepatoduodenal ligament (edge of lesser omentum)
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12
Q

Hepatoduodenal ligament encloses…

A

portal triad

  • -Bile duct
  • -Hepatic a
  • -Hepatic portal v
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13
Q

Porta hepatis vs

Portal triad

A

Porta hepatis: transverse fissure where the vessels, hepatic nerve plexus, and hepatic ducts enter and leave liver
Portal triad: bile duct, hepatic a, and hepatic portal v

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14
Q

What omentum does spleen develop in?

Liver?

A

Spleen: Greater omentum
Liver: Lesser omentum (2 layers of lesser omentum – becomes visceral peritoneum)

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15
Q

Porta hepatis vs

Portal triad

A

Porta hepatis: transverse fissure (b/w caudate and quadrate lobes) where the vessels, hepatic nerve plexus, and hepatic ducts enter and leave liver
Portal triad: bile duct, hepatic a, and hepatic portal v

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16
Q

Bare area of the liver

A

area not covered by lesser omentum

as liver develops, pushes against diaphragm and sticks there

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17
Q

Coronary ligaments

A

parts of the lesser omentum that surround the bare area of the liver

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18
Q

Falciform ligament

A

remnant of lesser omentum that connects liver and ant abdominal wall
continuous with coronary ligaments (which are around bare area)

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19
Q

Round ligament of the liver

A

remnant of umbilical vein

Continuous with falciform ligament

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20
Q

What blood vessel runs through liver?

Where does it receive blood from?

A

Inf vena cava

Receives blood from liver via hepatic portal vein

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21
Q

What are the parts of the right lobe of liver?

A

Caudate (top)
Quadrate (bottom)
Main right lobe

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22
Q

Right sagittal fissure

A

b/w large right lobe and caudate/quadrate lobes

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23
Q

Umbilical (left sagittal) fissure

A

b/w caudate and quadrate lobes and left lobe

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24
Q

Describe path of left umbilical v in fetus

A

Left umbilical v passed through liver, to inf vena cava
Brought oxygenated blood from placenta into R atrium
Ductus venosus allowed left umbilical v to be shunted directly to inf vena cava, bupassing liver

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25
Ductus venosus becomes... | Left umbilical v...
Ductus venosus: ligamentum venosum | Left umbilical v: round ligament of liver
26
Gallbladder is outgrowth of... | Liver grows as extension of...
Gallbladder: bile duct Liver: duodenum
27
Bile and pancreatic ducts join at...
Hepato-pancreatic ampulla
28
Hepato-pancreatic ampulla enters duodenum via...
Major duodenal papilla
29
Bile duct sphincter named...
choledochal sphincter
30
Hepatocytes
detoxify blood from hepatic portal v | produce bile
31
Processed blood enters ... v
central v
32
Gallbladder location
fossa of liver
33
Innervation of gallbladder
Right phrenic (somatic sensory) Ant vagal trunk branches (parasym motor from esophagus) Sym via thoracic splanchnic nerves
34
Blood supply in 76%
Common hepatic - Gastroduodenal a - Hepatic a proper - -R and L hepatic branches - --Cystic from R hepatic branch
35
Blood supply in 24.5%
variation in origin of cystic a | does NOT come from R hepatic branch
36
Anastamoses b/w systemic and portal venous circulation
Esophageal and L gastric v Inf mesenteric and retroperitoneal v Sup rectal and inf rectal/rectal Epigastric and para-umbilical v
37
What fascia covers the kidneys in the back? | What fascia encases kidneys?
Back: Thoracolumnar fascia Encases: renal fascia
38
Name of fat encasing kidneys
perinephrenic fat | perinrenal fat capsule
39
Which kidney is higher than the other?
Left
40
Ureters enter kidney at...
hilum
41
Renal pyramid
nephrons located here (where urine is produced)
42
Renal cortex
area that surrounds renal pyramids
43
Renal papilla
apex of renal pyramid where urine is excreted
44
Path of urine in kidney
Exits pyramids via renal papilla | Minor calices --> major calices --> renal pelvis --> ureter --> bladder
45
Blood supply to kidneys
R and L renal aa and vv | Gonadal (testicular/ovarian) aa and vv
46
R and L renal aa and vv originate from
Abdominal aorta | Vena cava
47
R and L gonadal aa and vv originate from
R and L aa from abdominal aorta R gonadal v from vena cava L gonadal v from renal v
48
Diaphragm is higher/lower in back than it is in front
Lower in back than it is in front
49
Arcuate ligaments of diaphragm and muscles they go to
Lateral: quadratus lumborum Medial: psoas major
50
Openings in diaphragm
T8: caval opening for inf vena cava T10: esophageal hiatus T12: aortic hiatus
51
What structures form the aortic hiatus?
Median arcuate ligament | R and L crus
52
Muscles of post abdominal wall
quadratus lumborum Iliopsoas (psoas major and iliacus) Psoas minor
53
Nerves of lumbar plexus
``` Iliohypogastric Ilioinguinal Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh Genitofemoral Femoral Obturator ```
54
Nerves of lumbar plexus
``` Iliohypogastric Ilioinguinal Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh Genitofemoral (femoral and genital branches) Femoral Obturator ```
55
What nerve of lumbar plexus pierces the psoas muscle?
genitofemoral
56
All of the nerves of the lumbar plexus are both motor and sensory except...
Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh (only sensory)
57
Obturator nerve innervates what kind of muscles in the ant compartment of thigh?
Adductors
58
aa of plane 1 (branches of abdominal aorta going fwd to ant abdominal wall)
Celiac Sup mesenteric Inf mesenteric
59
aa of plane 2 (branches of upper abdominal aorta going anterolateral)
Renal Gonadal Suprarenal
60
aa of plane 3 (branches of abdominal aorta distributed here, going laterally)
Inf phrenic Subcostal Lumbar
61
Median sacral a branches from
bifurcation of aorta into common iliac aa
62
Venous drainage of abdomen
``` Hepatic portal sys Inf vena cava Common iliac vv Lumbar vv Ascending lumbar vv (continuous with azygos sys --> anastamose with abdominal vv) ```

Human Anatomy: Pelvis/Perineum and Lower Limb (4 decks)

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