Thigh (496-505)

Question 1

Name the muscles that make up the hamstrings, where is their origin and insertion?;

Answer 1

Biceps femoris (origin- long head ischial tberosity of pelvis and short head linea aspera [posterior femur])(inserts into head of fibular [most lateral]),
Semitendionsus (origin ischial tuberosity) (inserts into medial surface of tibia),
Semimembranosus (ischial tuberosity [more superior to origin of semitendinosus and biceps femoris])(inserts into medial tibial condyle [most lateral]).

Question 2

What is the nerve supply to the- A) Semitendinosus. B) Semimembranosus. C) Long head of the biceps femoris. D) Short head of biceps femoris.

Answer 2

A) Tibial part of Sciatic. B) Tibial part of Sciatic. C) Tibial part of Sciatic nerve. D) Common fibular part of Sciatic nerve.

Question 3

Name the adductor muscles of the thigh. Where is their origin and. Insertion?;

Answer 3

Adductor Magus (origin- inferior rami of pubis. Inserts- linea aspera), Adductor Longus (origin- pubis bone. Inserts linea aspera), Adductor Brevis (origin- body of pubis. Inserts- linea aspera) Gracilis (origin- inferior rami of pubis. Inserts medial surface of tibial shaft)

Question 4

Name the nerve supply to the medial (adductor) compartment of the thigh;

Answer 4

All obturator nerve (L2-4)

Question 5

Name the muscles that make up the quadriceps, where is orgin and insertion?;

Answer 5

Rectus femoris (origin- anterior inferior iliac spine, inserts- patella tendon). Vastus lateralis (origin- greater trochanter & linea aspera, inserts patella tendon). Vastus medius- origin- linea aspera, inserts- patella tendon). Vastus intermedius (origin- anterior surface of femoral shaft, inserts patella tendon). All innervated by femoral nerve (L2-4)

Question 6

Name the boundaries of the Hunter’s (adductor or subsartorial) canal;

Answer 6

Anteromedial- sartorius. Lateral- vastus medialis. Posterior- adductor longus and adductor magus

(PICTURE IS LEFT LEG)

Question 7

What structures pass through (present) in the Hunter’s (adductor or subsartorial) canal?;

Answer 7

Acts as passageway for structures moving between anterior thigh and posterior leg.
Femoral artery, femoral vein (posterior to artery), nerve to vastus medialis and saphenous nerve (largest cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve)

Question 8

Which tendons are inserted along the antero-medial surface of the proximal tibia?;

Answer 8

Pes Anserine- sartorius, gracilis and semitendinosus.

Question 9

What is the anatomical location for obtaining an interosseous access in the tibia?;

Answer 9

2-3cm inferior tibial tiberosity

Question 10

How are patellar fractures managed?;

Answer 10

Conservative (if non-displaced or minimally displaced [<2cm], extensor mechanism remains functional [assess with SLR])- cricket pad splint.

Surgery (if displacement [>2cm], compromise to extensor mechanism, open fracture)- ORIF with tension band wiring.
If rare cases when ORIF not possible then partial or total patellectomy may be considered.