thermoregulation Flashcards
name some effectors
glands and muscles
what is negative feedback
changes in the environment causing a response to correct the change
what controls the hypothalamus
the autonomic nervous system
where are the heat loss and conservation centres
hypothalamus
which structures detect external temp changes
skin thermoreceptors
what are some mechanisms for heat production in endotherms
increased metabolic rate and shivering
what is vasoconstriction
narrowing of skin arterioles
what’s an ectotherm
an organism whose body temp fluctuates with the environment
how can heat be lost directly from the skin
radiation
what are heat conversion mechanisms in endotherms
vasoconstriction and hair erection
what’s an endotherm
an organism can maintain a constant internal temperature
how does sweating cause heat loss
evaporation of sweat from the surface of the skin takes heat energy with it
what type of organism relies mainly on behavioural methods of temperature control
ectotherms
what are the heat loss mechanisms in endotherms.
sweating, vasodilation
which type of organism has a more constant metabolic rate
endotherm
which hormone cases rapid increase in metabolic rate
adrenaline
what are examples of behavioural control of temperature
basking, burrowing
example of an ectotherm
reptile
what hormone causes a long-term increase in metabolic rate
thyroxine
why is high body temperature dangerous
enzymes denature
how does increased metabolic rate increase temperature
increases respiration, generating heat
what effect will a low body temperature have?
biochemical reactions are too slow.
